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== History ==
== History ==
[[Pahlava]] '''(рдкрд╣реНрд▓рд╡)'''  was  a north-western [[Mahabharata]] tribe, defeated by Nakula (II.29.15); who joined the Kaurava forces (VI.20.13). <ref>рд╢рд╛рд░рдереНрд╡рддрд╢ рдЪреКрддреНрддрд░рдзреВрд░ рдорд╣рд╛рддреНрдорд╛; рдорд╣реЗрд╖реНрд╡рд╛рд╕реК рдЧреМрддрдорд╢ рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░рдпреКрдзреА ред рд╢рдХреИрдГ рдХрд┐рд░рд╛рддреИрд░ рдпрд╡рдиреИрдГ '''рдкрд╣реНрд▓рд╡реИрд╢''' рдЪ; рд╕рд╛рд░реНрдзрдВ рдЪрдореВрдо рдЙрддреНрддрд░рддреК рд╜рднрд┐рдкрд╛рддрд┐  (VI.20.13)</ref> [[The Mahabharata Tribe]] - [[Pahlava]] (рдкрд╣реНрд▓рд╡) may be identified with  [[Jat Gotra]] - [[Pahlawat]] (рдкрд╣рд▓рд╛рд╡рдд)/[[Pahal]] (рдкрд╣рд▓).
[[Pahlava]] '''(рдкрд╣реНрд▓рд╡)'''  was  a north-western [[Mahabharata]] tribe, defeated by Nakula (II.29.15); who joined the Kaurava forces (VI.20.13). <ref>рд╢рд╛рд░рдереНрд╡рддрд╢ рдЪреКрддреНрддрд░рдзреВрд░ рдорд╣рд╛рддреНрдорд╛; рдорд╣реЗрд╖реНрд╡рд╛рд╕реК рдЧреМрддрдорд╢ рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░рдпреКрдзреА ред рд╢рдХреИрдГ рдХрд┐рд░рд╛рддреИрд░ рдпрд╡рдиреИрдГ '''рдкрд╣реНрд▓рд╡реИрд╢''' рдЪ; рд╕рд╛рд░реНрдзрдВ рдЪрдореВрдо рдЙрддреНрддрд░рддреК рд╜рднрд┐рдкрд╛рддрд┐  (VI.20.13)</ref> [[The Mahabharata Tribe]] - [[Pahlava]] (рдкрд╣реНрд▓рд╡) may be identified with  [[Jat Gotra]] - [[Pahlawat]] (рдкрд╣рд▓рд╛рд╡рдд)/[[Pahal]] (рдкрд╣рд▓).
= Genealogy =
[[рд╕реЛрддреНрд░рдХрд░рд╛рдЬ]]  тЖТ  '''[[рд╕рд░реЛрд╣рд╛]]'''  тЖТ [[рдорд╛рд▓рд░рд╛ рдорд▓реНрд▓реА]]  тЖТ [[рдирд╛рдпрдЪ]]  тЖТ [[рдмреБрдЪрд╛]]  тЖТ '''[[рдкрдиреНрдиреБ]](Pannu clan)'''  тЖТ [[рдкрдиреНрдиреБрд╣рд╛]]  тЖТ [[рдкрд╛рд╣реБ]] тЖТ '''[[рдкрд╣рд▓]](Pahal Clan)'''
[[File:XioungEmpire.jpeg|thumb|Xioung Empire]]
'''[[Pahal]]''' is a very ancient gotra. The ancestor of this gotra was [[Pannu]]. The gotra was named after him and came to be known as [[Pannu]] and [[Saroya]]
рдЗрддрд┐рд╣рд╛рд╕рдХрд╛рд░ [[B. S. Dahiya|рдмреАрдПрд╕ рджрд╣рд┐рдпрд╛]] рд▓рд┐рдЦрддреЗ рд╣реИрдВ,...... "46 рдИ. рдХрд╛ [[Huns|рд╣реВрдгреЛрдВ]] рдХрд╛ [[Punu Huna|рд╕рдореНрд░рд╛рдЯреН рдкреМрдгреБ]] [[India|рднрд╛рд░рддреАрдп]] [[рдЬрд╛рдЯ]] [[рдХрдмреАрд▓реЗ]] [[Pannu|рдкрдиреНрдиреВ]] рдХрд╛ рдкреНрд░рддреАрдХ рд╣реЛ рд╕рдХрддрд╛ рд╣реИред"<ref>рдЗрддрд┐рд╣рд╛рд╕рдХрд╛рд░ [[B. S. Dahiya|рдмреАрдПрд╕ рджрд╣рд┐рдпрд╛]], рдкреБрд╕реНрддрдХ "[[рдЬрд╛рдЯ рдкреНрд░рд╛рдЪреАрди рд╢рд╛рд╕рдХ]]" рдкрдмреНрд▓рд┐рд╢рд┐рдВрдЧ- рджрд╣рд┐рдирд╛рдо рд╕реЛрдиреАрдкрдд рд╣рд░рдпрд╛рдгреЗ рдкреГрд╖реНрда рд╕рдВрдЦреНрдпрд╛ 48</ref> рдпрд╣рд╛рдВ рдкреНрд░рдпреБрдХреНрдд рдирд╛рдо [[Punu Huna|рд╕рдореНрд░рд╛рдЯреН рдкреМрдгреБ]] рдкреНрд░рдЦреНрдпрд╛рдд рд╕рдореНрд░рд╛рдЯреН [[Punu Huna]] рд╣реА рд╣реИ, рдЬреЛ 47 рдИ. рдореЗрдВ [[Xiong-Nu Empire|рдЙрддреНрддрд░реА рдХреНрд╖рд┐рдУрдВрдЧ-рдиреВ рд╕рд╛рдореНрд░рд╛рдЬреНрдп]] рдХрд╛ рд╢рд╛рд╕рдХ рдмрдирд╛ рддрдерд╛ рдЬреЛ [[Maodun|рдорд╛рдУрджреВрди рд╣реВрдг]] ([[Henga|рд╣реЗрдВрдЧрд╛]] рдЧреЛрддреНрд░реА<ref>рдЗрддрд┐рд╣рд╛рд╕рдХрд╛рд░ [[B. S. Dahiya|рдмреАрдПрд╕ рджрд╣рд┐рдпрд╛]], рдкреБрд╕реНрддрдХ "[[рдЬрд╛рдЯ рдкреНрд░рд╛рдЪреАрди рд╢рд╛рд╕рдХ]]" рдкрдмреНрд▓рд┐рд╢рд┐рдВрдЧ- рджрд╣рд┐рдирд╛рдо рд╕реЛрдиреАрдкрдд рд╣рд░рдпрд╛рдгреЗ рдкреГрд╖реНрда рд╕рдВрдЦреНрдпрд╛ 51</ref>; 209 рдИ. рдкреВ. рдХрд╛ [[Xiong-Nu Empire|рдХреНрд╖рд┐рдУрдВрдЧ-рдиреВ/рд╣реВрдг]] рд╕рдореНрд░рд╛рдЯреН) рдХрд╛ рд╡рдВрд╢рдЬ рдерд╛ред рдЙрд╕рдиреЗ 84 рдИ. рддрдХ рдЙрддреНрддрд░реА рдХреНрд╖рд┐рдУрдВрдЧ-рдиреВ рд╕рд╛рдореНрд░рд╛рдЬреНрдп рдкрд░ рд░рд╛рдЬ рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ред
==Dynasty==
==Dynasty==
*[[Hindu Shahi Dynasty]](870-1000 AD)  
*[[Hindu Shahi Dynasty]](870-1000 AD)  
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----
----
[[Pala]] (рдкрд╛рд▓), a class of officers,  is  mentioned by [[Panini]] in [[Ashtadhyayi]]. <ref>[[V. S. Agrawala]]: [[India as Known to Panini]], 1953, p. 410</ref>
[[Pala]] (рдкрд╛рд▓), a class of officers,  is  mentioned by [[Panini]] in [[Ashtadhyayi]]. <ref>[[V. S. Agrawala]]: [[India as Known to Panini]], 1953, p. 410</ref>
= рдкрд▓рд╛рд╡рдд рдЦрд╛рдк=
= рдкрд▓рд╛рд╡рдд рдЦрд╛рдк=
41. [[Palawat|рдкрд▓рд╛рд╡рдд рдЦрд╛рдк]] - рдЗрд╕ рдЧрд╛рдВрд╡ рдХреЗ 22 рдЧрд╛рдВрд╡ рдЬрдирдкрдж [[рдЕрд▓реАрдЧрдврд╝]] рдХреА рддрд╣рд╕реАрд▓ [[рд╣рд╛рдерд░рд╕]] рдореЗрдВ рдкрдбрд╝рддреЗ рд╣реИрдВ рдЬрд┐рдирдореЗрдВ [[Kota Hathras|рдХреЛрдЯрд╛]], [[Susawli|рд╕реБрд╕рд╛рд╡рд▓реА]], [[Bhagatua|рднрдЧрддреБрд╡рд╛]], [[Mahamauni|рдорд╣рд╛рдореМрдиреА]], [[Pad|рдкрдж]], [[Bhakari|рднрд╛рдХрд░реА]], [[Sarkoria|рд╕рд░рдХреЛрд░рд┐рдпрд╛]] рдореБрдЦреНрдп рдЧрд╛рдВрд╡ рд╣реИрдВ. рдЗрд╕рдХреЗ рдЕрд▓рд╛рд╡рд╛ рдЗрд╕ рдЦрд╛рдк рдореЗрдВ [[рдордереБрд░рд╛]] рдХреЗ рдкрд╛рд╕ [[Raya Mathura|рд░рд╛рдпрд╛]] рдЖрджрд┐ рдЧрд╛рдВрд╡ рднреА рд╢рд╛рдорд┐рд▓ рд╣реИрдВ. рдЗрд╕рдХрд╛ [[Javra|рдЬрд╛рд╡рд░рд╛]] рдЧрд╛рдВрд╡ рдмрдбрд╝рд╛ рдкреНрд░рд╕рд┐рджреНрдз рд╣реИ.<ref>[[Dr Ompal Singh Tugania]]: ''[[Jat Samuday ke Pramukh Adhar Bindu]]'',  p. 18</ref>
41. [[Palawat|рдкрд▓рд╛рд╡рдд рдЦрд╛рдк]] - рдЗрд╕ рдЧрд╛рдВрд╡ рдХреЗ 22 рдЧрд╛рдВрд╡ рдЬрдирдкрдж [[рдЕрд▓реАрдЧрдврд╝]] рдХреА рддрд╣рд╕реАрд▓ [[рд╣рд╛рдерд░рд╕]] рдореЗрдВ рдкрдбрд╝рддреЗ рд╣реИрдВ рдЬрд┐рдирдореЗрдВ [[Kota Hathras|рдХреЛрдЯрд╛]], [[Susawli|рд╕реБрд╕рд╛рд╡рд▓реА]], [[Bhagatua|рднрдЧрддреБрд╡рд╛]], [[Mahamauni|рдорд╣рд╛рдореМрдиреА]], [[Pad|рдкрдж]], [[Bhakari|рднрд╛рдХрд░реА]], [[Sarkoria|рд╕рд░рдХреЛрд░рд┐рдпрд╛]] рдореБрдЦреНрдп рдЧрд╛рдВрд╡ рд╣реИрдВ. рдЗрд╕рдХреЗ рдЕрд▓рд╛рд╡рд╛ рдЗрд╕ рдЦрд╛рдк рдореЗрдВ [[рдордереБрд░рд╛]] рдХреЗ рдкрд╛рд╕ [[Raya Mathura|рд░рд╛рдпрд╛]] рдЖрджрд┐ рдЧрд╛рдВрд╡ рднреА рд╢рд╛рдорд┐рд▓ рд╣реИрдВ. рдЗрд╕рдХрд╛ [[Javra|рдЬрд╛рд╡рд░рд╛]] рдЧрд╛рдВрд╡ рдмрдбрд╝рд╛ рдкреНрд░рд╕рд┐рджреНрдз рд╣реИ.<ref>[[Dr Ompal Singh Tugania]]: ''[[Jat Samuday ke Pramukh Adhar Bindu]]'',  p. 18</ref>
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=Distribution in Pakistan=
=Distribution in Pakistan=
'''Pahal''' - The Pahal are a Mulla Jat clan. They were found in Pakpattan Multan Sindh. Like other Mulla Jats, they moved to Pakistan after partition. They are now found mainly in Multan, Sindh Punjab districts.
===Punjab===
===Punjab===
*[[Pakpattan]](рдкрд╛рдХрдкрддреНрддрди)(Urdu:┘╛╪з┌й┘╛╪к┘Ж) is a city and district in the [[Punjab]] province of [[Pakistan]]
*[[Pakpattan]](рдкрд╛рдХрдкрддреНрддрди)(Urdu:┘╛╪з┌й┘╛╪к┘Ж) is a city and district in the [[Punjab]] province of [[Pakistan]]
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*[[Dera Ghazi Khan]] (рдбреЗрд░рд╛ рдЧрд╝рд╛рдЬрд╝реАрдЦрд╛рди), Saraiki, (Urdu: ┌И█М╪▒█Б ╪║╪з╪▓█М ╪о╪з┘Ж) is a city and District in Punjab province, Pakistan.
*[[Dera Ghazi Khan]] (рдбреЗрд░рд╛ рдЧрд╝рд╛рдЬрд╝реАрдЦрд╛рди), Saraiki, (Urdu: ┌И█М╪▒█Б ╪║╪з╪▓█М ╪о╪з┘Ж) is a city and District in Punjab province, Pakistan.
*[[Bahawalpur]] (рдмрд╣рд╛рд╡рд▓рдкреБрд░), (Urdu: ╪и█Б╪з┘И┘Д┘╛┘И╪▒) is a city in the [[Punjab]] province in [[Pakistan]]
*[[Bahawalpur]] (рдмрд╣рд╛рд╡рд▓рдкреБрд░), (Urdu: ╪и█Б╪з┘И┘Д┘╛┘И╪▒) is a city in the [[Punjab]] province in [[Pakistan]]
*[[Sargodha]] (Urdu: ╪│╪▒┌п┘И╪п┌╛╪з) is a city and district of [[Punjab]] province [[Pakistan]]
*[[Multan]] (рдореБрд▓реНрддрд╛рди), (Punjabi/Urdu: ┘Е┘П┘Д╪к╪з┘Ж) (M├║lt├бn) is a city and District in the [[Punjab]] province of [[Pakistan]]


===Khyber Pakhtunkhwa===
===Khyber Pakhtunkhwa===
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===Balochistan===
===Balochistan===
*[[Lasbela]] (Balochi: ┘Д╪│╪и█М┘Д█Б) is a coastal district of [[Balochistan]] province of [[Pakistan]]
*[[Lasbela]] (Balochi: ┘Д╪│╪и█М┘Д█Б) is a coastal district of [[Balochistan]] province of [[Pakistan]]
*Dera Murad Jamali


=Distribution in Jammu and Kashmir=
=Distribution in Jammu and Kashmir=
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=== Villages in Jhunjhunu district ===
=== Villages in Jhunjhunu district ===
Large Population In [[Jhunjhunu]]
[[Basawa]](рдмрд╕рд╛рд╡рд╛),
[[Basawa]](рдмрд╕рд╛рд╡рд╛),
[[Birmi]](рдмрд┐рд░рдореА)(200),  
[[Birmi]](рдмрд┐рд░рдореА)(200),  
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[[Bakra Jhunjhunu]](рдмрд╛рдХрд░рд╛),
[[Bakra Jhunjhunu]](рдмрд╛рдХрд░рд╛),
[[Khetri]](рдЦреЗрддрдбрд╝реА) ,
[[Khetri]](рдЦреЗрддрдбрд╝реА) ,
[[Malsisar Jhunjhunu]](рдорд▓рд╕реАрд╕рд░ рдЭреБрдВрдЭреБрдиреВ),
[[Malsisar]](рдорд▓рд╕реАрд╕рд░ рдЭреБрдВрдЭреБрдиреВ),
[[Nawalgarh]](рдирд╡рд▓рдЧрдв),
[[Nawalgarh]](рдирд╡рд▓рдЧрдв),[[Udaipurwati]](рдЙрджрдпрдкреБрд░рд╡рд╛рдЯреА),
[[Udaipurwati]](рдЙрджрдпрдкреБрд░рд╡рд╛рдЯреА),
[[Gudha Gourji]](рдЧреБрдврд╝рд╛ рдЧреМрдбрд╝рдЬреА),
[[Gudha Gourji]](рдЧреБрдврд╝рд╛ рдЧреМрдбрд╝рдЬреА),
[[Mandawa]](рдордВрдбрд╛рд╡рд╛),
[[Mandawa]](рдордВрдбрд╛рд╡рд╛),
[[Bajawa]](рдмрдЬрд╛рд╡рд╛),
[[Bajawa]](рдмрдЬрд╛рд╡рд╛),
[[Palari]] (рдкрд╛рд▓рдбрд╝реА),
[[Palari]] (рдкрд╛рд▓рдбрд╝реА),
[[Balaran]](рдмрд│рд╛рд░рд╛рдВ),
[[Balaran]](рдмрд│рд╛рд░рд╛рдВ),[[Indali]](рдЗрдгреНрдбрд╛рд▓реА),
[[Indali Gaon]](рдЗрдгреНрдбрд╛рд▓реА),
[[Syaloo Khurd]](рд╕рд┐рдпрд╛рд▓реВ),[[Mandela]](рдорд╛рдВрдбреЗрд▓рд╛),
[[Syaloo Khurd]](рд╕рд┐рдпрд╛рд▓реВ рдХрд▓рд╛),
[[Mandela]](рдорд╛рдВрдбреЗрд▓рд╛),
[[Dhadhot Kalan]](рдврд╛рдвреЛрдд рдХрд▓рд╛)
[[Dhadhot Kalan]](рдврд╛рдвреЛрдд рдХрд▓рд╛)



Revision as of 17:33, 31 March 2025

Map of Hindu Shahi dynasty

Pahal (рдкрд╣рд▓)[1][2] (рдкрд╣рд╛рд▓)[3] [4] Paahal (рдкрд╛рд╣рд▓)[5] Pahil (рдкрд╣рд┐рд▓)Pahel (рдкрд╣рд▓) Payal (рдкрд╛рдпрд▓) Payel (рдкрд╛рдпреЗрд▓) Payala (рдкрд╛рдпрд▓рд╛) Payla( рдкрд╛рдпрд▓рд╛) Pahlawat (рдкрд╣рд▓рд╛рд╡рдд) Palhawat (рдкрд▓реНрд╣рд╛рд╡рдд) Palawat (рдкрд▓рд╛рд╡рдд) is gotra of Jats or Jatt found in Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh in India and in Pakistan . They were supporters of Johiya Confederacy. [6]

Origin

They are said to be the descendants of Nagavanshi ancestor Pala (рдкрд╛рд▓) [7] Pahlava (рдкрд╣реНрд▓рд╡) Pal(рдкрд╛рд▓) рдЬрд╛рдЯ рд╡рдВрд╢

History

Pahlava (рдкрд╣реНрд▓рд╡) was a north-western Mahabharata tribe, defeated by Nakula (II.29.15); who joined the Kaurava forces (VI.20.13). [8] The Mahabharata Tribe - Pahlava (рдкрд╣реНрд▓рд╡) may be identified with Jat Gotra - Pahlawat (рдкрд╣рд▓рд╛рд╡рдд)/Pahal (рдкрд╣рд▓).

Genealogy

рд╕реЛрддреНрд░рдХрд░рд╛рдЬ тЖТ рд╕рд░реЛрд╣рд╛ тЖТ рдорд╛рд▓рд░рд╛ рдорд▓реНрд▓реА тЖТ рдирд╛рдпрдЪ тЖТ рдмреБрдЪрд╛ тЖТ рдкрдиреНрдиреБ(Pannu clan) тЖТ рдкрдиреНрдиреБрд╣рд╛ тЖТ рдкрд╛рд╣реБ тЖТ рдкрд╣рд▓(Pahal Clan)

Xioung Empire

Pahal is a very ancient gotra. The ancestor of this gotra was Pannu. The gotra was named after him and came to be known as Pannu and Saroya

рдЗрддрд┐рд╣рд╛рд╕рдХрд╛рд░ рдмреАрдПрд╕ рджрд╣рд┐рдпрд╛ рд▓рд┐рдЦрддреЗ рд╣реИрдВ,...... "46 рдИ. рдХрд╛ рд╣реВрдгреЛрдВ рдХрд╛ рд╕рдореНрд░рд╛рдЯреН рдкреМрдгреБ рднрд╛рд░рддреАрдп рдЬрд╛рдЯ рдХрдмреАрд▓реЗ рдкрдиреНрдиреВ рдХрд╛ рдкреНрд░рддреАрдХ рд╣реЛ рд╕рдХрддрд╛ рд╣реИред"[9] рдпрд╣рд╛рдВ рдкреНрд░рдпреБрдХреНрдд рдирд╛рдо рд╕рдореНрд░рд╛рдЯреН рдкреМрдгреБ рдкреНрд░рдЦреНрдпрд╛рдд рд╕рдореНрд░рд╛рдЯреН Punu Huna рд╣реА рд╣реИ, рдЬреЛ 47 рдИ. рдореЗрдВ рдЙрддреНрддрд░реА рдХреНрд╖рд┐рдУрдВрдЧ-рдиреВ рд╕рд╛рдореНрд░рд╛рдЬреНрдп рдХрд╛ рд╢рд╛рд╕рдХ рдмрдирд╛ рддрдерд╛ рдЬреЛ рдорд╛рдУрджреВрди рд╣реВрдг (рд╣реЗрдВрдЧрд╛ рдЧреЛрддреНрд░реА[10]; 209 рдИ. рдкреВ. рдХрд╛ рдХреНрд╖рд┐рдУрдВрдЧ-рдиреВ/рд╣реВрдг рд╕рдореНрд░рд╛рдЯреН) рдХрд╛ рд╡рдВрд╢рдЬ рдерд╛ред рдЙрд╕рдиреЗ 84 рдИ. рддрдХ рдЙрддреНрддрд░реА рдХреНрд╖рд┐рдУрдВрдЧ-рдиреВ рд╕рд╛рдореНрд░рд╛рдЬреНрдп рдкрд░ рд░рд╛рдЬ рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ред

Dynasty

History

This gotra is believed to be originated from place named Pakpattan (рдкрд╛рдХрдкрддреНрддрди) in Punjab. [11] There is a large population of Palawat Jats living in 22 villages around Hathras and Mursan.

Sher Singh Johiya(King Johiya Conferdrency)

As per bards these people came from so called village Palakhera in Haryana and moved to Javra village near to Mursan and from here they sepread into villages near Mursan and formed the bayeesi (22) of Palawat clan. Pahals Are Supporter of Johiya Conferdrency

S.No. Name of janapada Name of chieftain No. of villages Capital Names of districts
1 Johiya Sher Singh Johiya 600 Bhurupal Jaitpur, Kumana, Mahajan, Peepasar, Udasar

рд╢рдХрд╕реНрдерд╛рди

рд╡рд┐рдЬрдпреЗрдиреНрджреНрд░ рдХреБрдорд╛рд░ рдорд╛рдереБрд░[12] рдиреЗ рд▓реЗрдЦ рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рд╣реИ рдХрд┐....рд╢рдХрд╕реНрдерд╛рди рд╢рдХреЛрдВ рдХрд╛ рдореВрд▓ рдирд┐рд╡рд╛рд╕ рд╕реНрдерд╛рди рдерд╛ рдЬреЛ рдИрд░рд╛рди рдХреЗ рдЙрддреНрддрд░-рдкрд╢реНрдЪрд┐рдореА рднрд╛рдЧ рддрдерд╛ рдкрд░рд┐рд╡рд░реНрддреА рдкреНрд░рджреЗрд╢ рдореЗрдВ рд╕реНрдерд┐рдд рдерд╛. рдЗрд╕реЗ рд╕реАрд╕реНрддрд╛рди рдХрд╣рд╛ рдЬрд╛рддрд╛ рд╣реИ. рд╢рдХрд╕реНрдерд╛рди рдХрд╛ рдЙрд▓реНрд▓реЗрдЦ рдорд╣рд╛-рдорд╛рдпреВрд░рд┐ 95, рдордереБрд░рд╛ рд╕рд┐рдВрд╣рд╕реНрддрдВрдн-рд▓реЗрдЦ рдХрджрдВрдореНрдмрдирд░реЗрд╢ рдордпреВрд░рд╢рд░реНрдордиреН рдХреЗ рдЪрдВрджреНрд░рд╡рд▓реНрд▓реА рдкреНрд░рд╕реНрддрд╛рд╡ рд▓реЗрдЦ рдореЗрдВ рд╣реИ. рдордереБрд░рд╛-рдЕрднрд┐рд▓реЗрдЦ рдХреЗ рд╢рдмреНрдж рд╣реИрдВ-- 'рд╕рд░реНрд╡рд╕ рд╕рдХрд╕реНрддрдирд╕ рдкреБрдпреЗрдЗ' рдЬрд┐рд╕рдХрд╛ рдЕрд░реНрде, рдХрдирд┐рдВрдШрдо рдХреЗ рдЕрдиреБрд╕рд╛рд░ 'рд╢рдХрд╕реНрддрд╛рди рдирд┐рд╡рд╛рд╕рд┐рдпреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рдкреБрдгреНрдпрд╛рд░реНрде' рд╣реИ. рд░рд╛рдп рдЪреМрдзрд░реА (рдкреЙрд▓реАрдЯрд┐рдХрд▓ рд╣рд┐рд╕реНрдЯреНрд░реА рдСрдл рдЕрдирд╕рд┐рдпрдиреНрдЯ рдЗрдВрдбрд┐рдпрд╛, рдкреГ. 526) рдХреЗ рдордд рдореЗрдВ рд╢рдХрд╕реНрддрд╛рди рдИрд░рд╛рди рдореЗрдВ рд╕реНрдерд┐рдд рдерд╛ рдФрд░ рд╢рдХрд╡рдВрд╢реАрдп рдЪрд╖реНрдЯрди рдФрд░ рд░реБрджреНрд░рджрд╛рдорди рдХреЗ рдкреВрд░реНрд╡ рдкреБрд░реБрд╖ рдЧреБрдЬрд░рд╛рдд-рдХрд╛рдард┐рдпрд╛рд╡рд╛рдбрд╝ рдореЗрдВ рдЗрд╕реА рд╕реНрдерд╛рди рд╕реЗ рдЖрдХрд░ рдмрд╕реЗ рдереЗ.

рд╢рдХреЛрдВ рдХрд╛ рдЙрд▓реНрд▓реЗрдЦ рд░рд╛рдорд╛рдпрдг ('рддреИрд░рд╛рд╕реАрддреН рд╕рдВрд╡реГрддрд╛рднреВрдорд┐: рд╢рдХреИрд░реНрдпрд╡рдирдорд┐рд╢реНрд░рд┐рддреИ:' рдмрд╛рд▓рдХрд╛рдВрдб 54,21; 'рдХрд╛рдВрдмреЛрдЬрдпрд╡рдирд╛рдВ рд╢реНрдЪреИрд╡-рд╢рдХрд╛рдирд╛рдВрдкрддреНрддрдирд╛рдирд┐рдЪ' рдХрд┐рд╖реНрдХрд┐рдВрдзрд╛ 23,12 рдорд╣рд╛рднрд╛рд░рдд ('рдкрд╣рд▓рд╡рд╛рдиреН рдмрд░реНрдмрд░рд╛рдВрд╢реНрдЪреИрд╡ рдХрд┐рд░рд╛рддрд╛рдиреН рдпрд╡рдирд╛рдЮреНрдЫрдХрд╛рдиреН' рд╕рднрд╛рдкрд░реНрд╡ 32,17); рдордиреБрд╕реНрдореГрддрд┐ (рдкреМрдгреНрдбреНрд░рдХрд╛рд╢реНрдЪреМрдбреНрд░рджреНрд░рд╡рд┐рдбрд╝рд╛:рдХрд╛рдВрдмреЛрдЬрд╛ рдпрд╡рдирд╛: рд╢рдХрд╛:"' 10,44 рддрдерд╛ рдорд╣рд╛рднрд╛рд╖реНрдп (рджреЗрдЦреЗрдВ рдЗрдВрдбрд┐рдпрди рдПрдВрдЯрд┐рдХреНрд╡рд╡реЗрд░реА 1857,рдкреГ.244) рдЖрджрд┐ рдЧреНрд░рдВрдереЛрдВ рдореЗрдВ рд╣реИ.

In Epics

In Mahabharata

Pahlava (рдкрд╣реНрд▓рд╡) was a north-western Mahabharata tribe, defeated by Nakula (II.29.15); who joined the Kaurava forces (VI.20.13).

рд╢рд╛рд░рдереНрд╡рддрд╢ рдЪреКрддреНрддрд░рдзреВрд░ рдорд╣рд╛рддреНрдорд╛; рдорд╣реЗрд╖реНрд╡рд╛рд╕реК рдЧреМрддрдорд╢ рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░рдпреКрдзреА
рд╢рдХреИрдГ рдХрд┐рд░рд╛рддреИрд░ рдпрд╡рдиреИрдГ рдкрд╣реНрд▓рд╡реИрд╢ рдЪ; рд╕рд╛рд░реНрдзрдВ рдЪрдореВрдо рдЙрддреНрддрд░рддреК рд╜рднрд┐рдкрд╛рддрд┐ (VI.20.13)
The Mahabharata Tribe - Pahlava (рдкрд╣реНрд▓рд╡) may be identified with Jat Gotra - Pahlawat (рдкрд╣рд▓рд╛рд╡рдд).

In Puranas

The Vayu Purana (47, 44) and the Matsya Purana, (121, 45) mention that:

рд╕рд╛рдиреНрдзреНрд░рд╛рдиреН рд╕реНрддреБрдЦрд╛рд░рд╛рдиреН рд▓рдореНрдкрдХрд╛рдиреН рдкрд╣реНрд▓рд╡рд╛рдиреН рджрд░рджрд╛рдиреН рдЫрдХрд╛рдиреН
рдЕрддрд╛рдЮреНрдЬрдирд╛рдкрджрд╛рдЮреНрдЪрдХреНрд╖реБ рдкреНрд▓рд╛рд╡рдпрдиреНрддреА рдЧрддреЛрджрдзрд┐рдореН

The Chaksu or Oxus river goes to the sea after irrigating the lands of the Sandhrans (Jats) , Tukharas (Takhar Jats), Lampakas (Lamba Jats), Pahlavas (Pehlavi-Iranians) Daradas (of Kashmir) and Chhakans(Chhikara Jats).

Jat Gotras Namesake

  • Pahil (Jat clan) = Pahideva (рдкрд╛рд╣рд┐рджреЗрд╡), a Kalachuri ruler in Raipur Chhatisgarh, mentioned in 'Raipur Stone Inscription Of Brahmadeva - (Vikrama) Year 1458 (=1402 AD)'. ... The pedigree of H├вjir├вja (L.19,20) son Brahmadeva commences in verse 13 (L.18). H├вjir├вja seems to have had two sons, Padmanabha (рдкрджреНрдордирд╛рдн) (L.21) and Pahideva (рдкрд╛рд╣рд┐рджреЗрд╡) (L.22). The former's son was Kanhada (рдХрд╛рдиреНрд╣рдбрд╝) (L.21) and the latter's, Sivasharman (рд╢рд┐рд╡рд╢рд░реНрдорди) . Two brothers of H├вjir├вja are also named in verses 20 and 21. The elder of them was named Supau(рд╕реБрдкреМ) (L.23) and the younger Gey├вti (рдЧреЗрдпрд╛рддрд┐) (L.24). The former of these had two sons, G├┤lha (рдЧреЛрд▓реНрд╣) (L.23) and Vishnud├вsa. The inscription finally mentions the artisan N├вmad├кva (рдирд╛рдорджреЗрд╡).

This gotra is believed to be originated from place named Pakpattan (рдкрд╛рдХрдкрддреНрддрди) in Punjab. [13]

They are said to be spread from Palakhera village in Haryana.

Mention by Panini

Pala (рдкрд▓) is mentioned by Panini in Ashtadhyayi. [14]


Pala (рдкрд╛рд▓), a class of officers, is mentioned by Panini in Ashtadhyayi. [15]

рдкрд▓рд╛рд╡рдд рдЦрд╛рдк

41. рдкрд▓рд╛рд╡рдд рдЦрд╛рдк - рдЗрд╕ рдЧрд╛рдВрд╡ рдХреЗ 22 рдЧрд╛рдВрд╡ рдЬрдирдкрдж рдЕрд▓реАрдЧрдврд╝ рдХреА рддрд╣рд╕реАрд▓ рд╣рд╛рдерд░рд╕ рдореЗрдВ рдкрдбрд╝рддреЗ рд╣реИрдВ рдЬрд┐рдирдореЗрдВ рдХреЛрдЯрд╛, рд╕реБрд╕рд╛рд╡рд▓реА, рднрдЧрддреБрд╡рд╛, рдорд╣рд╛рдореМрдиреА, рдкрдж, рднрд╛рдХрд░реА, рд╕рд░рдХреЛрд░рд┐рдпрд╛ рдореБрдЦреНрдп рдЧрд╛рдВрд╡ рд╣реИрдВ. рдЗрд╕рдХреЗ рдЕрд▓рд╛рд╡рд╛ рдЗрд╕ рдЦрд╛рдк рдореЗрдВ рдордереБрд░рд╛ рдХреЗ рдкрд╛рд╕ рд░рд╛рдпрд╛ рдЖрджрд┐ рдЧрд╛рдВрд╡ рднреА рд╢рд╛рдорд┐рд▓ рд╣реИрдВ. рдЗрд╕рдХрд╛ рдЬрд╛рд╡рд░рд╛ рдЧрд╛рдВрд╡ рдмрдбрд╝рд╛ рдкреНрд░рд╕рд┐рджреНрдз рд╣реИ.[16]

Palawat Khap

Palawat Khap has 22 villages in tahsil Hathras of Hathras district in Uttar Pradesh, Out of them the Main villages are:Kota Hathras (рдХреЛрдЯрд╛) , Susawli (рд╕реБрд╕рд╛рд╡рд▓реА) , Bhagatua (рднрдЧрддреБрдЖ), Mahamauni (рдорд╣рд╛рдореМрдиреА), Pad (рдкрдж), Bhakari (рднрд╛рдХрд░реА) , Sarkoria (рд╕рд░рдХреЛрд░рд┐рдпрд╛). Mathura district - Village Raya (рд░рд╛рдпрд╛) . Its village Javra (рдЬрд╛рд╡рд░рд╛) is also famous. [17]

Village founded By Pahal clan

Mention by Pliny

Pliny[18] mentions Troglodytice....Beyond it is the Port of Isis, distant ten days' rowing from the town of the Adulit├ж: myrrh is brought to this port by the Troglodyt├ж. The two islands before the harbour are called Pseudepyl├ж18, and those in it, the same in number, are known as Pyl├ж19; upon one of these there are some stone columns inscribed with unknown characters. Beyond these is the Gulf of Abalites, the island of Diodorus20, and other desert islands; also, on the mainland, a succession of deserts, and then the town of Gaza, and the promontory and port of Mossylum21, to the latter of which cinnamon is brought for exportation: it was thus far that Sesostris led22 his army.

Animation highlighting the Ancestral ethnic Scythian Migration component of the Pahal Jats.

18 The "False Gates."

19 The "Gates."

20 D'Anville and Gosselin think that this is the island known as the French Island.

21 Ansart thinks that this promontory is that known as Cape de Meta, and that the port is at the mouth of the little river called Soul or Soal.

Distribution in Pakistan

Pahal - The Pahal are a Mulla Jat clan. They were found in Pakpattan Multan Sindh. Like other Mulla Jats, they moved to Pakistan after partition. They are now found mainly in Multan, Sindh Punjab districts.

Punjab

  • Pakpattan(рдкрд╛рдХрдкрддреНрддрди)(Urdu:┘╛╪з┌й┘╛╪к┘Ж) is a city and district in the Punjab province of Pakistan
  • Muzaffargarh (рдореБрдЬрд╝рдлреНрдлрд░рдЧрдврд╝), Punjabi, (Urdu: ┘Е╪╕┘Б╪▒ ┌п┌С┌╛) is a city and District in southwestern Punjab province, Pakistan
  • Dera Ghazi Khan (рдбреЗрд░рд╛ рдЧрд╝рд╛рдЬрд╝реАрдЦрд╛рди), Saraiki, (Urdu: ┌И█М╪▒█Б ╪║╪з╪▓█М ╪о╪з┘Ж) is a city and District in Punjab province, Pakistan.
  • Bahawalpur (рдмрд╣рд╛рд╡рд▓рдкреБрд░), (Urdu: ╪и█Б╪з┘И┘Д┘╛┘И╪▒) is a city in the Punjab province in Pakistan
  • Sargodha (Urdu: ╪│╪▒┌п┘И╪п┌╛╪з) is a city and district of Punjab province Pakistan
  • Multan (рдореБрд▓реНрддрд╛рди), (Punjabi/Urdu: ┘Е┘П┘Д╪к╪з┘Ж) (M├║lt├бn) is a city and District in the Punjab province of Pakistan

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

  • Dera Ismail Khan (рдбреЗрд░рд╛ рдЗрд╕реНрдорд╛рдЗрд▓ рдЦрд╛рди), (Urdu, Saraiki: ┌И█М╪▒█Б ╪з╪│┘Е╪з╪╣█М┘Д ╪о╪з┘Ж, Pashto: ┌Й█Р╪▒┘З ╪з╪│┘Е╪з╪╣┘К┘Д ╪о╪з┘Ж), often abbreviated as D. I. Khan, is a city in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan.

Kashmir

They came here from Kabul after the end of the Hindu Shahi Empire In Afganisthan(╪з┘Б╪║╪з┘Ж╪│╪к╪з┘Ж)

Bhimber, Kotli, Mankote(Pok)

Rawalpindi

According to 1901 census the Phal Population was 135 in Rawalpindi(╪▒╪з┘И┘Д┘╛┘Ж┌И█М)

Sindh

  • Dadu (Urdu: ╪╢┘Д╪╣ ╪п╪з╪п┘И) is city and a district of Sindh province, Pakistan
  • Shikarpur (рд╢рд┐рдХрд╛рд░рдкреБрд░), (Sindhi: ╪┤┘Р┌к╪з╪▒┘╛┘И┘П╪▒┘П), (Urdu: ╪┤┌й╪з╪▒┘╛┘И╪▒) is a city and district in the Sindh province of Pakistan

Balochistan

Distribution in Jammu and Kashmir

100 Pahal Jats Family Living in Jammu

Jammu,Tahra Nagrota,chatha,Simbal Camp,Miran sahib

Kashmir

Anantnag, Rainawadi, Srinagar, Pahalgam(Muslim Pahal In Pahalgam) Are Villages And Town in Kashmir District

Distribution in Punjab

Villages in Jalandhar District

Gumtali(100), Phillaur(рилри┐рй▒ри▓рйЛри░), Mianwal, Jalandhar(риЬри▓рй░ризри░), Sangha Jagir, Gumtala, Sagarpur Phillaur, Bhadarpur

Villages in Patiala District

Bahmana Samana,Dakaunda

Pahal population is 1,050 in Patiala district

Village in Sangrur District

Sangrur is a city and district in the Indian state of Punjab

Village in Tarn Taran District

Pahal Wanke named Village in Patti tahsil in Tarn Taran district in Punjab

Distribution in Haryana

Palakhera Is old Town of Pahal Jats in Haryana

Villages in Bhiwani district

Mandola,Datoli,Nakipur(100),Shehzmanpur,Loharu

Villages in Jind district

Brah Khurd(1000),Pandu Pindara,Jalalpura Khurd,Khark Bhura, Kaer Kheri

Villages in Jhajjar district

Tumbaheri,Bithla

Villages in Palwal district

Ronija,Ratipur

Villages in Sonipat district

Gumad(900 Pahal Family),Ganaur, Ahulana(1000),Atail Ganaur(350),Nizampur Gohana

Villages in Sirsa district

Madho Singhana,Chautala

Villages in Hisar district

Payal named Village in Hisar tahsil in Hisar district in Haryana

Dabra, Payal Hisar(250), Muzadpur(200), Budak, Ramayan Gaon, Ghirai, Mirzapur Hisar, Nara Hisar

Village in Rohtak district

Ajaib, Garhi Ballab,

Village in Mahendergarh district

Barda Mahendergarh

Village in Fatehabad district

Banawali(рдмрдирд╛рд╡рд▓реА), Parta, Chaubara

Distribution in Rajasthan

Distribution in Alwar District

Khalilpuri is a village in Tijara tahsil of Alwar district in Rajasthan

Locations in Jaipur city

Dhulkot, Harijethi ka Chowk, Khatipura, Tejaji ki Bagichi, Uniyaron ka Rasta,

Villages in Churu district

Bhojrasar, Harpaloo Ramsukh(50), Kalwas, Sadpura,Chandgothi

Villages in Jhunjhunu district

Basawa(рдмрд╕рд╛рд╡рд╛), Birmi(рдмрд┐рд░рдореА)(200), Chirasan, Jaisinghsar(рдЬрдпрд╕рд┐рдВрд╣рд╕рд░), Jhunjhunu, Lodipura(рд▓реЛрджреАрдкреБрд░рд╛) Manota Jatan(рдорд╛рдиреЛрддрд╛ рдЬрд╛рдЯрд╛рди), Palota(рдкрд╛рд▓реЛрддрд╛), Shri Amarpura (рд╢реНрд░реА рдЕрдорд░рдкреБрд░рд╛), Shyampura Buhana(рд╢реНрдпрд╛рдордкреБрд░рд╛), Sangasi(рд╕рд╛рдВрдЧрд╛рд╕реА), Syaloo Kalan(рд╕рд┐рдпрд╛рд▓реВ рдХрд▓рд╛рдВ), Togra Kalan(рддреЛрдЧрдбрд╝рд╛ рдХрд▓рд╛рдВ)(100), Jhanjhot(рдЭрд╛рдВрдЭреЛрдд)(500), Dhadhot Khurd(рдврд╛рдвреЛрдд рдЦреБрд░реНрдж)(200), Khajpur Purana(рдЦрд╛рдЬрдкреБрд░ рдкреБрд░рд╛рдирд╛), Khinwasar Udaipurwati, Dheendhwa Athoona (рдзреАрдВрдзрд╡рд╛ рдЖрдереБрдирд╛), Dheendhwa Nichla(рдзреАрдВрдзрд╡рд╛ рдирд┐рдЪрд▓рд╛), Khudot(рдЦреБрдбреЛрдд), Peepli Chirawa, Surajgarh(рд╕реБрд░рдЬрдЧрдв), Singhana Sanwlod(рд╕рд┐рдВрдШрд╛рдирд╛), Pilani(рдкрд┐рд▓рд╛рдиреА), Chirawa(рдЪрд┐рдбрд╝рд╛рд╡рд╛), Mainana(рдореИрдирд╛рдирд╛), Buhana(рдмреБрд╣рд╛рдирд╛) , Dabri Baloda(рдбрд╛рдмрдбрд╝реА), Bakra Jhunjhunu(рдмрд╛рдХрд░рд╛), Khetri(рдЦреЗрддрдбрд╝реА) , Malsisar(рдорд▓рд╕реАрд╕рд░ рдЭреБрдВрдЭреБрдиреВ), Nawalgarh(рдирд╡рд▓рдЧрдв),Udaipurwati(рдЙрджрдпрдкреБрд░рд╡рд╛рдЯреА), Gudha Gourji(рдЧреБрдврд╝рд╛ рдЧреМрдбрд╝рдЬреА), Mandawa(рдордВрдбрд╛рд╡рд╛), Bajawa(рдмрдЬрд╛рд╡рд╛), Palari (рдкрд╛рд▓рдбрд╝реА), Balaran(рдмрд│рд╛рд░рд╛рдВ),Indali(рдЗрдгреНрдбрд╛рд▓реА), Syaloo Khurd(рд╕рд┐рдпрд╛рд▓реВ),Mandela(рдорд╛рдВрдбреЗрд▓рд╛), Dhadhot Kalan(рдврд╛рдвреЛрдд рдХрд▓рд╛)

Villages in Nagaur district

Dugordasa, Jaoli, Khariyawas(100), Ren,Megadand

Villages in Hanumangarh district

Sangariya, Nithrana, Bhadi(40)

Villages in Sikar district

Palri Laxmangarh,

Distribution in Delhi

Mitraon village is located near Najafgarh town in west Delhi

Distribution in Madhya Pradesh

Villages in Gwalior district

Tekanpur

Villages in Mandsaur district

Dalauda

Villages in Ratlam district

Berchha(20),Chikliya,Damottar,Dantodiya,Dhamottar,Dheekwa,Ghatwas,Hanumanpalia,Jharsandala,Kalori khurd,Mundari,Rupa kheda,Sinod,Surana,

Villages in Dhar district

Kanvan Dhar, Sandala,

Distribution in Uttar Pradesh

Villages in Bulandshahr District

Khad Mohan Nagar, Muradabad Sikandrabad(500),Baroda Bulandshahr

Village in aligarh District

pahlawat Khap has 22 village in Hathras tehsil District Aligarh

Kota Hathras, Susawli, Bhagatua, Mahamauni, Pad, Bhakari, Sarkoria, Javra(200),Sadabad,Padu

Large Pahal population in Aligarh district

Village in Mathura district

Raya Mathura

Village in Meerut district

Nagla Gusai

Distribution in Gujarat

Villages in Patan district

Rampura (Jakhel), Sarkarpura, Mota Patan, Joravarganj, Serpura, Eklva, Memdavad, Arjansar, Adhgam, Koida, Zekda, Sinad,

Notable persons

There are many well known people with this Gotra:

Hari Singh Payal
Kiran Pahal
  • Kiran Pahal (born: 5 August 2000)is an Indian athlete from Gumad village inSonipat district of Haryana. She specialises in 400 metres run. She is the second athlete from India to go sub-51sec in 2024
  • Virendra pahal And Mohan pahal From Sonipat Pahal Nutrition is a brand started by two Jat brothers Pahal Brothers. Now their brand has many showrooms in Haryana, Delhi, Western U.P, Rajasthan
  • Ravinder Pahal is an Indian kabaddi player who plays for the team Telugu Titans. Ravinder Pahal was born on 1990-12-07; and as of 2025, he is 35 years old. Ravinder Pahal is a talented defender for the Telugu Titans in the Pro Kabaddi League, where he plays in the Right Corner position from Sonipat
  • Virendra Singh Pahal Bhartiya Kisan majdoor Union рдкреНрд░рджреЗрд╢ рдорд╣рд╛рд╕рдЪрд┐рд╡ from Sonipat
  • Padam Singh Albela Pahlawat is a poet from Padu village in Hathras tahsil and district of Uttar Pradesh.
  • Baljeet Payal Jyotish Acharya Lecturer Rajasthan Govt. & Celebrity Astrologer Rajasthan
  • Uttam Pahal:IPS Village Nizampur Gohana District Sonipat
  • Krishan Pahal Administrative Judge for the District Banda Sitting at Allahabad Village Nagla Gusai Meruut
  • рд╣рд╛рдИ рдХреЛрд░реНрдЯ рдХреЗ рдЬрдЬ рдмрдиреЗ рдХреГрд╖реНрдг рдкрд╣рд▓ рдХрд┐рд╕рд╛рди рдкрд░рд┐рд╡рд╛рд░ рд╕реЗ рдХрд┐рд╕рд╛рди рдкрд░рд┐рд╡рд╛рд░ рдореЗрдВ рдЬрдиреНрдореЗ рдЬрд┐рд▓реЗ рдХреЗ рдирд┐рд╡рд╛рд╕реА рдХреГрд╖реНрдг рдкрд╣рд▓ рдХреЛ рд░рд╛рд╖реНрдЯреНрд░рдкрддрд┐ рдиреЗ рдЙрдЪ рдиреНрдпрд╛рдпрд╛рд▓рдп рдЗрд▓рд╛рд╣рд╛рдмрд╛рдж рдореЗрдВ рдЬрдЬ рдирд┐рдпреБрдХреНрддрд┐ рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рд╣реИред
  • Vinita Pahel DSP, U.P. Police hamirpur JNUite, Stephanian, DAVian Haryana
  • Ombir Singh Pahal - Punjab Police
  • Pardeep Pahal is a senior HR leader and executive mentor with expertise in the OD and talent spaces
  • Pardeep Pahal Book Writer From haryana
  • Major General Gurbir Singh Pahal (1929тАУ1999) emerges as a figure of interest within the Indian ArmyтАЩs historical narrative, particularly for his service during the Indo-Pakistani Wars of 1965 and 1971

Gallery of people of this gotra

Further reading

  • Who were Jats - Research paper jammu univercity
  • O P Dahiya book
  • The upper caste who became lower caste - Sosological papar

References

  1. тЖС B S Dahiya:Jats the Ancient Rulers (A clan study), p.241, s.n.166
  2. тЖС Jat History Dalip Singh Ahlawat/Parishisht-I, s.n. рдк-82
  3. тЖС Jat History Dalip Singh Ahlawat/Parishisht-I, s.n. рдк-65
  4. тЖС O.S.Tugania:Jat Samuday ke Pramukh Adhar Bindu,p.47,s.n. 1446
  5. тЖС Jat History Dalip Singh Ahlawat/Parishisht-I, s.n. рдк-82
  6. тЖС Jat Varna Mimansa (1910) by Pandit Amichandra Sharma,p. 58
  7. тЖС Mahendra Singh Arya et al.: ─Аdhunik Jat Itihas, Agra 1998, p. 264
  8. тЖС рд╢рд╛рд░рдереНрд╡рддрд╢ рдЪреКрддреНрддрд░рдзреВрд░ рдорд╣рд╛рддреНрдорд╛; рдорд╣реЗрд╖реНрд╡рд╛рд╕реК рдЧреМрддрдорд╢ рдЪрд┐рддреНрд░рдпреКрдзреА ред рд╢рдХреИрдГ рдХрд┐рд░рд╛рддреИрд░ рдпрд╡рдиреИрдГ рдкрд╣реНрд▓рд╡реИрд╢ рдЪ; рд╕рд╛рд░реНрдзрдВ рдЪрдореВрдо рдЙрддреНрддрд░рддреК рд╜рднрд┐рдкрд╛рддрд┐ (VI.20.13)
  9. тЖС рдЗрддрд┐рд╣рд╛рд╕рдХрд╛рд░ рдмреАрдПрд╕ рджрд╣рд┐рдпрд╛, рдкреБрд╕реНрддрдХ "рдЬрд╛рдЯ рдкреНрд░рд╛рдЪреАрди рд╢рд╛рд╕рдХ" рдкрдмреНрд▓рд┐рд╢рд┐рдВрдЧ- рджрд╣рд┐рдирд╛рдо рд╕реЛрдиреАрдкрдд рд╣рд░рдпрд╛рдгреЗ рдкреГрд╖реНрда рд╕рдВрдЦреНрдпрд╛ 48
  10. тЖС рдЗрддрд┐рд╣рд╛рд╕рдХрд╛рд░ рдмреАрдПрд╕ рджрд╣рд┐рдпрд╛, рдкреБрд╕реНрддрдХ "рдЬрд╛рдЯ рдкреНрд░рд╛рдЪреАрди рд╢рд╛рд╕рдХ" рдкрдмреНрд▓рд┐рд╢рд┐рдВрдЧ- рджрд╣рд┐рдирд╛рдо рд╕реЛрдиреАрдкрдд рд╣рд░рдпрд╛рдгреЗ рдкреГрд╖реНрда рд╕рдВрдЦреНрдпрд╛ 51
  11. тЖС Mahendra Singh Arya et al: Adhunik Jat Itihas, p. 263
  12. тЖС Aitihasik Sthanavali by Vijayendra Kumar Mathur, p.886
  13. тЖС Mahendra Singh Arya et al: Adhunik Jat Itihas, p. 263
  14. тЖС V. S. Agrawala: India as Known to Panini, 1953, p. 254
  15. тЖС V. S. Agrawala: India as Known to Panini, 1953, p. 410
  16. тЖС Dr Ompal Singh Tugania: Jat Samuday ke Pramukh Adhar Bindu, p. 18
  17. тЖС Dr Ompal Singh Tugania: Jat Samuday ke Pramukh Adhar Bindu, p. 18
  18. тЖС Natural History by Pliny Book VI/Chapter 34

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