Research on history of Jat clans


Jat Clans in Mahavansha - Bhadu Jat Clan

Mahavansa/Chapter 13 tells....When Mahendra son of Ashoka came in time to Vedisagiri the city of his mother Devi, he visited his mother and when Devi saw her dear son she made him welcome, and his companions likewise, with foods prepared by herself, and she led the thera up to the lovely vihära Vedisagiri.....When the prince Asoka, while ruling over the realm of Avanti, that his father had bestowed on him, halted in the town of Vedisa, before he came to Ujjeni, and met there a lovely maiden named Devi, the daughter of a merchant, he made her his wife; and she was (afterwards) with child by him and bore in Ujjeni a beautiful boy, Mahinda, and when two years had passed (she bore) a daughter, Samghamitta. At that time she lived in the city of Vedisa....The son of a daughter of Devi's sister, (a youth) named Bhanduka, who had heard the doctrine preached by the thera to Devi, and who had obtained the reward of one who shall return no more unto life remained with the thera. When he had stayed there a month the thera, on the uposatha-day of the month Jettha, with the four theras and Sumana, and the lay-disciple Bhanduka also, to the end that they might be known for human beings, rose up in the air (and departed) from that vihara; and he, the (thera) of wondrous powers, coming hither with his following alighted on the pleasant Missaka-mountain, on the Sila-peak on the open and fair Ambatthala.

Note: The Sanchi Inscriptions, From West to North Gate.— (Inside.), No 33. — Gotiputasa Bhadukasa bhichhuno dānam = "Gift of Goti's son, Bhanduka, the mendicant monk." tells that Bhanduka was Goti's son of Vidisha. (Bhanduka → Bhaduka → Bhadu)

Mahavansa/Chapter 14 states ....The king Devanampiyatissa (307-267 BC) who had arranged a waterfestival for the dwellers in the capital, set forth to enjoy the pleasures of the chase. Attended by forty thousand of his men he went on foot to the Missaka-mountain. The deva of the mountain arranged to meet the theras to him. The wise thera preached to the monarch the Cülahatthipadüpamasuttanta. At the end of the discourse he, with the forty thousand men, came unto the (three) refuges. The thera bestowed on young Bhanduka, within the boundaries of that village and within that group (of bhikkhus), both the pabbajja and the upasampada-ordination, and even in the same moment he attained to the state of arahant. Devas without number were converted to the doctrine and many nägas and Supanas came unto the (three) refuges. Even as when the thera Sariputta uttered this discourse so did the devas gather together to hear it from Mahinda. The king led the theras into the palace. The king himself served them with rice-soup and with foods hard and soft. And when the meal was finished, he himself sat down at their feet and sent for Anulä, the consort of his younger brother, the sub-king Mahanaga, who dwelt in the royal palace. When the queen Anulä had come with five hundred women and had bowed down and made offerings to the theras, she stepped to one side. The thera preached the Petavatthu, the Vimänavatthu and the Sacca-samyutta. The women attained to the first stage of sanctification. (Bhanduka → Bhaduka → Bhadu)
 

Jat Clans in Mahavansha - Naga, Jakhar, Aratta Jat Clans

Mahavansa/Chapter 19 tells ....When the lord of chariots had appointed to watch over the Bodhi-tree eighteen persons' from royal families and eight from families of ministers, and moreover eight persons from brahman families and eight from families of traders and persons from the cowherds likewise, and from the hyena and sparrowhawk-clans, (from each one man), and also from the weavers and potters and from all the handicrafts, from the nagas and the yakkhas; when then the most exalted prince had given them eight vessels of gold and eight of silver, and had brought the great Bodhi-tree to a ship on the Ganges, and likewise the theri Samghamitta with eleven bhikkhunis, and when he had caused those among whom Arittha was first to embark on that same ship, he fared forth from the city, and passing over the Vinjha-mountains the prince arrived, in just one week, at Tamalitti. (Yakkha→Jakhar, Arittha→ Aratta)

Note - This paragraph from Mahavansa tells us all the communities living in Sri Lanka at the time of Conversion to Buddhism by Sanghamitra, daughter of Ashoka. It is around 255 BC-260 BC. Nagas, Yakkhas and Arattas are found in Jat clans. Some more Nagavanshi Jat clans are likely to be present at this occasion as we have here only English translation and not the original Pali script.
 
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Jat Clans in Mahavansha - Uti Jat Clan

Yuti (यूती) or Uti (यूती) or Jat clan is found in Afghanistan.[SUP][1][/SUP]According to James Legge, Fahian has mentioned Khotan as Yu-teen.[SUP][2][/SUP][SUP][3][/SUP] Yuti is a Chinese variant of Jat.[SUP][4][/SUP] [SUP][5]

In or about 200 BC serious internal strife occurred in Turkistan. Various tribes fought among themselves. Neung Nu, the Chinese historian writes that during these battles, a tribe known as Uti (Uchi) was winked out of the country.

[/SUP]
The Ali, or Alizi, are reckoned at sixteen thousand families, and occupy much the same districts as their kinsfolk, the Aliko, above mentioned, their chief seat being on the plain of Zamindawar, to the west of the Helmand, between Bost and Chaknasur. With the Alizi are joined the Ud, or Udzi, reckoned at five thousand families ; they have settlements in Darawat, Nadall, Garmsil, Ma'ruf, etc. The name Ud may stand for Udi or for the Uti of Herodotus. [SUP][6][/SUP]

Hukum Singh Panwar[SUP][7][/SUP] writes:

Dr Colin Renfrew [SUP][8][/SUP] talks of agricultural activity in Anatolia before the end of Ice Age, and Calvin Kephart[SUP][9][/SUP] interestingly finds the Pre-Sumerian Gutis (and Utis, identified with the Jats), disseminating knowledge of agriculture in those lands, especially relating to cultivation of wheat, the original cereal crop, according to Vanilov, (supra) of the Punjab (Sapta-Sindhu) , were-from it was introduced through upper reaches of the Indus to Afghanistan and North Iran, and to Baluchistan, South Iran,and and Mesopotamia through its lower reaches. This movement of wheat must ave inspired Dr. Daniel Zohary, who[SUP][10][/SUP] credits Afghanistan and north Iran where bread wheats are thought to have originated from a hybrid of emmer (Triticum Dicoccum) and 'goat-face grass' (Aegilops Squarrosa). Like many others, the above mentioned scholars, except Vanilov, advocate the migrations of the Indo-Aryans from west to east, but their thesis is conclusively refuted by the findings of Kephart and the archaeological evidence of Mehargarh (8566 B.C.) in Baluchistan.
The fact that wheat and certain cattle were carried to the west from Punjab (Sapta Sindhu) leads to the next important question - who were the carriers of this culture to those countries? It may, without any hesitation, be suggested that, in addition to the Dasas (Dahae), the carriers of these were the Yaudheyas. Dr. Buddha Prakash[SUP][11][/SUP] contends on the authority of Frye and Adontz, that Yaudheyas, (the descendents of Trin and Nrga), along with the Maciyas (Matsyas or Machhiyas?), Parsas an Assagartas figured in an ancient Volkerwanderun and finally settled in Anatolia. They reached Anatolia through northern Iran (Luristan) where they were known as Yautiya. Those who reached
<small>The Jats:Their Origin, Antiquity and Migrations:End of page 245 </small>
Anatolia through Armenia and Transcaucasia were simply called Uti or Utene in Greek. T.J. Kedar,[SUP][12][/SUP] like others, does not admit India as the home of Aryans and contradicts himself when he locates Indo-Aryan tribe like Sivas or Sivis, Manns, Yakshus (Jakshus or Jakhus or Jakhars), Purus, Kurus and Sigrus (Sigrohas) etc. in Armenia and Anatolia in 7102 B.C., the age of Emperor Yayati.
 
Jat Clans in Mahavansha - Uti Jat Clan (Contd)

James Todd[SUP][13][/SUP] writes - The various tribes inhabiting the desert and valley of the Indus would alone form an ample subject of investigation, which would, in all probability, elicit some important truths. Amongst the converts to Islam the inquirer into the pedigree of nations would discover names, once illustrious, but which, now hidden under the mantle of a new faith, might little aid his researches into the history of their origin. He would find the Sodha, the Kathi, the Mallani, affording in history, position, and nominal resemblance grounds for inferring that they are the descendants of the Sogdoi, Kathi, and Malloi, who opposed the Macedonian in his passage down the Indus ; besides swarms of Getae or Yuti, many of whom have assumed the general title of Baloch, or retain the ancient specific name of Numri ; while others, in that of Zjat Jat, preserve almost the primitive appellation. We have also the remains of those interesting races the Johyas and Dahyas, of which much has been said in the Annals of Jaisalmer, and elsewhere ; who, as well as the Getae or Jats, and Huns, hold places amongst the " Thirty-six Royal Races " of ancient India.[SUP][14]

[/SUP]
From Thakur Deshraj history

James Todd obtained a Pali inscription about Jit or Jat tribe at village Ramchandrapura 3 kos (6 miles) east of Bundi state, which he sent to Asiatic Society London. The inscription reveals that there was a king Thot born in Yuti vansha. His son was Raja Chandrasain, a powerful and beloved of his subject. The son of Chandrasain was Kartika, renowned for his prowess. His wife was Gunaniwas, who gave birth to two sons Mukunda and Daruka. Daruka produced son named Kuhal. Kuhal produced son named Dhunak, who achieved great works. He had war with Hill Meenas tribes and defeated and destroyed them. He along with his brother Dok worshipped gods and brahmanas. They founded a Sun-temple for the pleasure of his beloved wife. The temple will stand till the sumer suvarna mountain stands on the sand. Kuhal had founded this temple and a Maheshwar temple in east. The popularity of this was spread by Achal, son of Mahabali Maharaja Yashovarma. [SUP][15][/SUP]
The period of war of this dynasty with pahari Meenas is difficult to asses. If we assume that Jat ruler Kartik had war with Menander then the period of this comes about 150 BC. Menander had attacked areas upto Chittor. It is very likely that Kartika had a war with Menander. This way the period of his descendant becomes the first century. If we look into the period of Achal who made this temple popular it comes around third or fourth century or beyond it, as ruler Yashovarman was in Maukhari vansha in eighth century in Kannauj. He had sent a delegation to China in 731 AD. [SUP][16][/SUP] Lack of records and history prior to sixth century prevents from determining the exact period of the rule of Kartik and his descendants. According to Thakur Deshraj, We can presume their rule from fourth to sixth century. [SUP][17]


References

[/SUP]1. An Inquiry Into the Ethnography of Afghanistan By H. W. Bellew, The Oriental University Institute, Woking, 1891, p.165
2.A Record of Buddhistic Kingdoms/Chapter 2,f.n.13

3.A Record of Buddhistic Kingdoms/Chapter 3

4.Hukum Singh Panwar (Pauria), The Jats:Their Origin, Antiquity and Migrations/Jat-Its variants,pp.345

5.Mukerji, AB.; op.cit., p. 39.

6.An Inquiry Into the Ethnography of Afghanistan By H. W. Bellew, The Oriental University Institute, Woking, 1891, p.164-65

7.The Jats:Their Origin, Antiquity and Migrations/The migrations of the Jats to the North-Western countries,pp.245-246

8.Dr.D.G. Sidharth, B.M. Birla Science Centre, Research Report, Aug., 1991, pp. 1-5. Cf. Ali Sami, Shiraz, Musavi Printing Office, Shiraz, 1958, p.12

9.Kephart, op.cit., p. 244.

10.Deshpande & Hook, op.cit., p. 104. cf. also Zohary, Daniel; 1969

11.Pol. & Sac Movts. in Anc. Pb. p. 105. Cf. R.N. Frye, Heritage of Persia. 1962. London, p. 50; N Adontz, Histoire d 'Armenia, les origines. p. 308). q. by Buddha Prakash. op.cit., p. 105.

12.Op.cit.. pp. 2. 211. 30. etc. etc.

13.James Todd Annals/Sketch of the Indian Desert,p.1292

14.See sketch of the tribes, Vol. I. p. 98

15.James Todd, Appedix 1], Thakur Deshraj, Jat Itihas, p.588-589

16.Bharat Ke Prachin Rajvansh,

17.IThakur Deshraj, Jat Itihas, p.589-59 [SUP]
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Jat Clans in Mahavansha - Uti Jat Clan

Uttiya (267-257 BC) was an early monarch of Sri Lanka of the kingdom of Anuradhapura, based at the ancient capital of Anuradhapura.

Mahavansa/Chapter 20 tells ...Devanampiyatissa, king of Lañkä, rich in merit and insight, caused to be carried out, even in his first year, as a friend to virtue, and his whole life through he heaped up works of merit. Our island flourished under the lordship of this king; forty years did he hold sway as king. After his death, his younger brother since there was no son, the prince known by the name Uttiya held sway piously as king. Ten years did king Uttiya reign.


Mahavansa/Chapter 20 tells ...Mahinda passed away into nirvana at Cetiya-mountain in the eighth year of king Uttiya on the eighth day of the bright half of the month Assayuja. When king Uttiya heard this he went thither andhad paid homage to the thera and arranged Mahinda's last journey and funeral rites.


Mahavansa/Chapter 20 tells ...The theri Samghamitta passed away into nirvana, being fifty-nine years old, in the ninth year of this same king Uttiya, while she dwelt in the peaceful Hatthalhaka-convent. And for her also, as for the thera, the king commanded supreme honours of burial a week through, and the whole of Lanka was adorned as for the thera Mahinda.


Mahavansa/Chapter 21 mentions ....Uttiya's younger brother, Mahasiva, reigned after his death ten years, protecting the pious. Being devoted to the thera Bhaddasäla, he built the noble vihara, Nagarangana, in the eastern quarter (of the city).


Mahavansa/Chapter 22 tells .... Gothabhaya's son, known by the name Kakavannatissa, the prince, reigned there after his death. Viharadevi was the consort of this believing king, firm in the faith (was she), the daughter of the king of Kalyani. Now in Kalyani the ruler was the king named Tissa. His younger brother named Ayya-Uttika, who had roused the wrath (of Tissa) in that he was the guilty lover of the queen, fled thence from fear and took up his abode elsewhere.
 
lrburdak said:

Jat Clans in Mahavansha - Uti Jat Clan

Yuti (यूती) or Uti (यूती) or Jat clan is found in Afghanistan.[SUP][1][/SUP]According to James Legge, Fahian has mentioned Khotan as Yu-teen.[SUP][2][/SUP][SUP][3][/SUP] Yuti is a Chinese variant of Jat.[SUP][4][/SUP] [SUP][5]

In or about 200 BC serious internal strife occurred in Turkistan. Various tribes fought among themselves. Neung Nu, the Chinese historian writes that during these battles, a tribe known as Uti (Uchi) was winked out of the country.

[/SUP]
The Ali, or Alizi, are reckoned at sixteen thousand families, and occupy much the same districts as their kinsfolk, the Aliko, above mentioned, their chief seat being on the plain of Zamindawar, to the west of the Helmand, between Bost and Chaknasur. With the Alizi are joined the Ud, or Udzi, reckoned at five thousand families ; they have settlements in Darawat, Nadall, Garmsil, Ma'ruf, etc. The name Ud may stand for Udi or for the Uti of Herodotus. [SUP][6][/SUP]

Hukum Singh Panwar[SUP][7][/SUP] writes:

Dr Colin Renfrew [SUP][8][/SUP] talks of agricultural activity in Anatolia before the end of Ice Age, and Calvin Kephart[SUP][9][/SUP] interestingly finds the Pre-Sumerian Gutis (and Utis, identified with the Jats), disseminating knowledge of agriculture in those lands, especially relating to cultivation of wheat, the original cereal crop, according to Vanilov, (supra) of the Punjab (Sapta-Sindhu) , were-from it was introduced through upper reaches of the Indus to Afghanistan and North Iran, and to Baluchistan, South Iran,and and Mesopotamia through its lower reaches. This movement of wheat must ave inspired Dr. Daniel Zohary, who[SUP][10][/SUP] credits Afghanistan and north Iran where bread wheats are thought to have originated from a hybrid of emmer (Triticum Dicoccum) and 'goat-face grass' (Aegilops Squarrosa). Like many others, the above mentioned scholars, except Vanilov, advocate the migrations of the Indo-Aryans from west to east, but their thesis is conclusively refuted by the findings of Kephart and the archaeological evidence of Mehargarh (8566 B.C.) in Baluchistan.
The fact that wheat and certain cattle were carried to the west from Punjab (Sapta Sindhu) leads to the next important question - who were the carriers of this culture to those countries? It may, without any hesitation, be suggested that, in addition to the Dasas (Dahae), the carriers of these were the Yaudheyas. Dr. Buddha Prakash[SUP][11][/SUP] contends on the authority of Frye and Adontz, that Yaudheyas, (the descendents of Trin and Nrga), along with the Maciyas (Matsyas or Machhiyas?), Parsas an Assagartas figured in an ancient Volkerwanderun and finally settled in Anatolia. They reached Anatolia through northern Iran (Luristan) where they were known as Yautiya. Those who reached
<small>The Jats:Their Origin, Antiquity and Migrations:End of page 245 </small>
Anatolia through Armenia and Transcaucasia were simply called Uti or Utene in Greek. T.J. Kedar,[SUP][12][/SUP] like others, does not admit India as the home of Aryans and contradicts himself when he locates Indo-Aryan tribe like Sivas or Sivis, Manns, Yakshus (Jakshus or Jakhus or Jakhars), Purus, Kurus and Sigrus (Sigrohas) etc. in Armenia and Anatolia in 7102 B.C., the age of Emperor Yayati.
Click to expand...

If i remember correctly "UTI", was a famous "Han ruler"
 
lrburdak said:
Uttiya (267-257 BC) was an early monarch of Sri Lanka of the kingdom of Anuradhapura, based at the ancient capital of Anuradhapura.

Mahavansa/Chapter 20 tells ...Devanampiyatissa, king of Lañkä, rich in merit and insight, caused to be carried out, even in his first year, as a friend to virtue, and his whole life through he heaped up works of merit. Our island flourished under the lordship of this king; forty years did he hold sway as king. After his death, his younger brother since there was no son, the prince known by the name Uttiya held sway piously as king. Ten years did king Uttiya reign.


Mahavansa/Chapter 20 tells ...Mahinda passed away into nirvana at Cetiya-mountain in the eighth year of king Uttiya on the eighth day of the bright half of the month Assayuja. When king Uttiya heard this he went thither andhad paid homage to the thera and arranged Mahinda's last journey and funeral rites.


Mahavansa/Chapter 20 tells ...The theri Samghamitta passed away into nirvana, being fifty-nine years old, in the ninth year of this same king Uttiya, while she dwelt in the peaceful Hatthalhaka-convent. And for her also, as for the thera, the king commanded supreme honours of burial a week through, and the whole of Lanka was adorned as for the thera Mahinda.


Mahavansa/Chapter 21 mentions ....Uttiya's younger brother, Mahasiva, reigned after his death ten years, protecting the pious. Being devoted to the thera Bhaddasäla, he built the noble vihara, Nagarangana, in the eastern quarter (of the city).


Mahavansa/Chapter 22 tells .... Gothabhaya's son, known by the name Kakavannatissa, the prince, reigned there after his death. Viharadevi was the consort of this believing king, firm in the faith (was she), the daughter of the king of Kalyani. Now in Kalyani the ruler was the king named Tissa. His younger brother named Ayya-Uttika, who had roused the wrath (of Tissa) in that he was the guilty lover of the queen, fled thence from fear and took up his abode elsewhere.
Click to expand...


If i remember correctly "UTI", was a famous "Han ruler"
 
I repeat again from Mahavansa/Chapter 22 which tells .... Gothabhaya's son, known by the name Kakavannatissa, the prince, reigned there after his death. Viharadevi was the consort of this believing king, firm in the faith (was she), the daughter of the king of Kalyani. Now in Kalyani the ruler was the king named Tissa. His younger brother named Ayya-Uttika, who had roused the wrath (of Tissa) in that he was the guilty lover of the queen, fled thence from fear and took up his abode elsewhere.

Let us find about Kalyani:Kalyani (कल्याणी) was the Capital of Naga king Maniakkhika during the time of Buddha. It is mentioned in Mahavansa/Chapter 1.Later it was the capital of Kannadiga dynasty sometimes called the Kalyani Chalukyas. It is today's Basavakalyan, a town in Bidar District of the state of Karnataka, India, and was historically known as Kalyan.

Ayya-Uttika which may also be written in Sanskrit Arya-Utika or Arya Uti. It is not Chinese but in this context Indian.
 
Jat Clans in Mahavansha - Damal Jat Clan


Damal (दामल) is an ancient gotra of Jats. They are said to be descendants of Trigartas clan Damini. [SUP](1)[/SUP][SUP]

We do not find distribution of this clan in Jats at present. But we find Damila very frequently in Mahavansa.

[/SUP]Damila in Mahavansa

Mahavansa/Chapter 21 mentions ....Two Damilas, Sena and Guttika, sons of a freighter who brought horses hither, conquered the king Süratissa (of Lanka), at the head of a great army and reigned both (together) twenty-two years justly. But when Asela had overpowered them, the son of Mutasiva, the ninth among his brothers, born of the same mother, he ruled for ten years onward from that time in Anuradhapura. A Damila of noble descent, named Elara, who came hither from the Chola-country to seize on the kingdom, ruled when he had overpowered king Asela, forty-four years, with even justice toward friend and foe, on occasions of disputes at law.

Mahavansa/Chapter 22 tells .... The queen told this to the king, and the king asked the soothsayers. When the soothsayers heard it they said: `The queen's son, when he has vanquished the Damilas and built up a united kingdom, will make the doctrine to shine forth brightly. ....But when it was said to them: `Never will we fight with the Damilas; with such thoughts eat ye this portion here,' Tissa dashed the food away with his hand, but Gämani who had (in like manner) flung away the morsel of rice, went to his bed, and drawing in his hands and feet he lay upon his bed. The queen came, and caressing Gamani spoke thus: `Why dost thou not lie easily upon thy bed with limbs stretched out, my son?' `Over there beyond the Ganga are the Damilas, here on this side is the Gotha-ocean, how can I lie with outstretched limbs?' he answered. When the king heard his thoughts he remained silent. Growing duly Gamani came to sixteen years, vigorous, renowned, intelligent and a hero in majesty and might.

Mahavansa/Chapter 23 tells....Damilas who desecrated at that time thupas and other (sacred memorials), this strong man used to tear asunder, treading one leg down with his foot while he grasped the other with his hand, and then (he would) cast them out (over the walls). But the devas caused those dead bodies that he cast out to vanish.

Mahavansa/Chapter 23 tells....When they observed the diminution of the Damilas they told the king; but the command `Take him with his prey they could not carry out. Nandhimitta thought: `And if I do thus, it is but the destruction of men and brings not the glory to the doctrine. In Rohana there are still princes who have faith in the three gems. There will I serve the king, and when I have overcome all the Damilas and have conferred the overlordship on the princes, I shall make the doctrine of the Buddha to shine forth brightly.' Then he went and told this to prince Gamani. When this latter had taken counsel with his mother he received him with honour, and with high honours the warrior Nandhimitta continued to dwell with him.
Mahavansa/Chapter 23 tells....King Kakavannatissa caused a guard to hold the Damilas in check to be kept continually at all the fords of the Mahäganga.

Mahavansa/Chapter 24 tells....The prince Gamani dwell in Mahagama. The prince Tissa, equipped with troops and chariots did the king cause to be stationed in Dighavapi in order to guard the open country. Afterwards prince Gamani, reviewing his host, sent to announce to his father the king: `I will make war upon the Damilas.' The king, to protect him, forbade him, saying: `The region on this side of the river is enough.' Even to three times he sent to announce the same (reply). `If my father were a man he would not speak thus: therefore shall he put this on.' And therewith Gamani sent him a woman's ornament. And enraged at him the king said: `Make a golden chain! with that will I bind him, for else he cannot be protected.' Then the other fled and went, angered at his father, to Malaya, and because he was wroth with his father they named him Dutthagamani.

Mahavansa/Chapter 25 tells....All the Damilas on the bank of the river who had escaped death threw themselves for protection into the city named Vijitanagara. In a favourable open country he pitched a camp, and this became known by the name Khandhavarapitthi. Since the king, in order to take Vijitanagara, would fain put Nandhimitta to the test, he let loose Kandula upon him (once) when he saw him coming towards him. When the elephant came to overpower him, Nandhimitta seized with his hands his two tusks and forced him on his haunches. Since Nandhimitta fought with the elephant the village built on the spot where (it came to pass) is therefore named Hatthipora. When the king had (thus) put them both to the test he marched to Vijitanagara. Near the south gate befell a fearful battle between the warriors. But near the east gate did Velusumana, sitting on his horse, slay Damilas in great numbers.....When the king in four months had destroyed Vijitanagara he went thence to Girilaka and slew the Damila Giriya.....Thence he marched to Mahelanagara that had a triple trench and was surrounded by an undergrowth of kadamba flowers, possessed but one gate and was hard to come at; and staying there four months the king subdued the commander of Mahela by a cunningly planned battle.

Mahavansa/Chapter 25 tells....When he had thus overpowered thirty-two Damila kings Dutthagamani ruled over Lanka in single sovereignty.

Ref 1. Maheswari Prasad, “Jats in Ancient India”:The Jats, Ed. Dr Vir Singh, Vol.I, p. 26

 
Jat Clans in Mahavansha - Bharana Jat Clan

Clan gets name after Nagavanshi named Bharana (भरणा).
Bharana (भराणा) gotra Jats live in Tonk district in Rajasthan. It is very interesting to note that we get record of warrior Bharana in Mahavansa.

Mahavansa/Chapter 23 (The Levying of the Warriors) tells....Nandhimitta, Süranimila, Mahasona, Gothaimbara, Theraputtabhaya, Bharana, and also Velusumana, Khañjadeva, Phussadeva and Labhiyavasabha: these ten were his mighty and great warriors of King Elara (BC 205-161) of Lanka who were selected to stay with the prince Gamini.

In the village of Kappakandara a son of Kumara lived named Bharana. In time, when he was ten to twelve years old, he went with the boys into the forest and chased many hares; he struck at them with his foot and dashed them, (smitten) in twain, to the ground. Then when he, at the age of sixteen years, went with the village-folk into the forest he killed antelopes, elks, and boars in like manner. Therefore was Bharana known as a great warrior. And him did the king in like manner command to stay with Gamani.


डॉ पेमाराम[SUP][1][/SUP]लिखते हैं कि सिंध और पंजाब से समय-समय पर ज्यों-ज्यों जाट राजस्थान में आते गये, मरूस्थलीय प्रदेशों में बसने के साथ ही उन्होने प्रजातन्त्रीय तरीके से अपने छोटे-छोटे गणराज्य बना लिये थे जो अपनी सुरक्षा की व्यवस्था स्वयं करते थे तथा मिल-बैठकर अपने आपसी विवाद सुलझा लेते थे । ऐसे गणराज्य तीसरी सदी से लेकर सोलहवीं सदी तक चलते रहे । जैसे ईसा की तीसरी शताब्दी तक यौधेयों का जांगल प्रदेश पर अधिकार था । उसके बाद नागों ने उन्हें हरा कर जांगल प्रदेश (वर्तमान बिकानेर एवं नागौर जिला) पर अधिकार कर लिया । यौधेयों को हराने वाले पद्मावती के भारशिव नाग थे, जिन्होने चौथी शताब्दी से लेकर छठी शताब्दी तक बिकानेर, नागौर, जोधपुर तथा जालोर के जसवन्तपुरा तक शासन किया । जांगल प्रदेश में नागों के अधीन जो क्षेत्र था, उसकी राजधानी अहिच्छत्रपुर (नागौर) थी । यही वजह है कि नागौर के आस-पास चारों ओर अनेक नागवंशी मिसलों के नाम पर अनेक गांव बसे हुये हैं जैसे काला मिसल के नाम पर काल्यास, फ़िरड़ोदा का फिड़ोद, इनाणियां का इनाणा, भाकल का भाखरोद, बानों का भदाणा, भरणा का भरणगांव / भरनांवा / भरनाई, गोरा का डेह तथा धोला का खड़नाल आदि ।

Ref - 1. डॉ पेमाराम:राजस्थान के जाटों का इतिहास,2010, पृ.19
 
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Jat Clans in Mahavansha - Samgha Jat Clan

Sangheda (संघेडा) Sanghera (संघेडा) Sangera (संगेडा) Sangha (संघा)[SUP][[/SUP]/ (सांघा) Sangeda (संगेडा) Sangriya(संगडिया) Sangheda (संघेदा) Sangere (संगेड़े) gotra Jats found in Punjab and Maharashtra and Pakistan. Sangriya is a branch of Chauhans.

B.S. Dahiya writes: They are to be compared with the (Utsava) Sanketa of Mahabharata, [SUP][1][/SUP] where Arjuna conquers them alongwith the Suhma and Chola in the North. The Suhma are the Summa of Sindh at the time of Arab invasion, and the Chola/ Chahla clan, respectively. The Sanketas were in the west also. [SUP][2][/SUP] Sanskrit English Dictionary ( M. Williams) defines Sanketa as the name of a people [SUP][3][/SUP]

Sanghas have been mentioned along with Dhillons. Dhillon Jats ruled Delhi again in the 8th century. In 8th century, Tomara/Toors had seized the throne and power of Delhi from Dhillons and their kinsman Sanghas, Malhis, Dosanjhs and Dhindsas who were descendants of Shah Saroa. Leaving Delhi, they moved towards Rajasthan. After some time they migrated to the Bangar areas of Sirsa in Haryana and Bhatinda. Some of them went beyond to Ludhiana and Ferozepur.

Mahavansa/Chapter 23 tells.... King Kakavannatissa caused a guard to hold the Damilas in check to be kept continually at all the fords of the Mahaganga. Now the king had, by another wife, a son named Dighabhaya; and he gave the guard near the Kacchaka ford into his charge. And to form the guard this (prince) commanded each noble family within a distance of two yojanas round (to send) one son thither. Within the district of Kotthivala, in the village of Khandakavitthika, lived the chief of a clan the headman named Samgha who had seven sons.

References -

1. Mahabharata, Sabha Parva, 24 / 15;
2. ibid 2 / 29/ 8;
3. B.S. Dahiya: Jats the Ancient Rulers ( A clan study), p. 290
 
Jat Clans in Mahavansha - Mention of Jatta

Mahavansa/Chapter 5 tells that ....The sons of Kalasoka were ten brothers, twenty-two years did they reign in Magadha. Afterwards, the nine Nandas were kings in succession; they too reigned twenty-two years in Magadha. Then did the brahman Canakka (Chanakya) anoint a glorious youth, known by the name Candagutta, as king over all Jambudipa, born of a noble clan, the Moriyas, when, filled with bitter hate, he had slain the ninth (Nanda) Dhanananda.

Note - Many Indian and other historians have doubts about the origin and clan of Chandra Gupta Maurya. Some have termed him even belonging to Shudra caste. The above content from Mahavansa/Chapter 5 clearly tells that Chandra Gupta Maurya was born of a noble clan, the Moriyas.

Also the Mahavansha writes name as Chanda Gutta which can be simply written as Chanda Jutta or Chandra Jat.

Mahavansa/Chapter 24 tells....When the king Dutthagamani had built sixty-four viharas and had lived just as many years he died then in that same place.' The queen took the king's body, brought it to the Tissamaharama in a covered car and told this to the brotherhood. When the prince Tissa heard this he came from Dighavapi, and when he himself had carried out with (due) care the funeral rites for his father, the powerful (prince) took his mother and the elephant Kandula with him and for fear of his brother went thence with all speed back to Dighavapi. To acquaint him with these matters the whole of the ministers, who had met together, sent a letter to Dutthagamni. He repaired to Guttahala and when he had placed outposts there he came to Mahagama and caused himself to be consecrated king. (here Gutta is prakrit form of Jutta or Jutta or Jatta)


Mahavansa/Chapter 24 tells.... But the prince Tissa, carried forth by the bhikkhus, went thence unrecognized' and came to Dighavapi. The prince said to the thera Godhagatta Tissa: `I have done ill, sir; I will make my peace with my brother'. (here Gatta is prakrat form of Jatta or Jat)


Mahavansa/Chapter 25 tells....The king Dutthagamani marched forth to the land on the further side of the river to bring glory to the doctrine. When he had caused the read in Malaya leading hither to be made ready he mounted the elephant Kandula and, surrounded by his warriors, he took the field with a mighty host. With the one end yet in Mahagama the train of the army reached to Guttahalaka. (here Gutta is prakrit form of Jutta or Jutta or Jatta)
 
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Jat Clans in Mahavansha - Baswan Jat Clan

Baswan are said to be the descendants of the God Vasava.[SUP][1]

Vasava (वासव) was a God of Mahabharata period. Vasava of Mahabharata was probably same as Vasabha of Mahavansa. According to Mahavansa[SUP][1][/SUP] Vasabha (66-110 AD) was a King of Sri Lanka with capital at Anuradhapura.
[/SUP]
[h=2]History[/h]Vasabha is considered to be the pioneer of the construction of large-scale irrigation works and underground waterways in Sri Lanka to support paddy cultivation. 11 reservoirs and 12 canals were constructed during his reign. He also constructed several Buddhist temples in addition to renovating already existing ones. Vasabha started a new dynasty in the history of Sri Lankan monarchs, having seized the throne after killing Subharaja, the then ruler of Anuradhapura.
With the introduction of Buddhism, the city of Anuradhapura gained more prominence and the great building era began. The Mahavansa states that King Kutakannatissa built the first city wall to a height of seven cubits with a moat in front of the wall. This fortification was further enlarged by raising the wall a further 11 cubits to 18 cubits by King Vasabha. King Vasabha constructed many ponds which were fed by a network of subterranean channels which were constructed to supply water to the city.
The ancient chronicle Mahavamsa states that he constructed eleven reservoirs and twelve canals to distribute water from them. His most notable construction is the Alahara canal, which originally had a length of about 30 miles (48 km). It was created by damming the Amban river, and was used to divert water in a westerly direction for agricultural use. The reservoirs at Mahavilachchiya and Nochchipotana, which have both been identified as constructions of Vasabha, have a circumference of about 2 miles. Due to such constructions, Vasabha pioneered the construction of large irrigation works in the country.[SUP][3][/SUP]
Having been told by a soothsayer that he would live only for twelve more years, Vasabha became a devout Buddhist and performed many meritorious acts in an effort to prolong his life. He constructed several Buddhist temples, and renovated others. Among his constructions are the vatadage at Thuparama and some additions to the Mahavihara.[SUP][4][/SUP]
Inscriptions belonging to the reign of King Vasabha such as the Vallipuram Copper Plate in the Jaffna peninsula in the north,[SUP][5][/SUP] Situlpawwa and Tissamaharama in the south, Batticaloa District of the east and Kurunegala District of the west all prove that King Vasaba's power had spread through the island.
Vasabha, born to a family of a clan named Lambakanna, spent his childhood in a village in the North of the country working for his uncle who was a general in the king's army. The ruler of the country at this time was Subharaja, who was informed by soothsayers that one named Vasabha would defeat him and become king. To avoid this, Subharaja ordered everyone in the country bearing that name to be killed. Vasabha's uncle tried to take him to the king under the pretext of taking him to join the king's service. However, he was saved by Pottha, the wife of his uncle, who told him about the king's decision. He went into hiding followed this, and gathered an army in secret.[SUP][6][/SUP]
Having eventually raised an army, Vasabha led a rebellion against the king, and subsequently seized the throne in 67 AD after killing Subharaja and his uncle. He ruled for 44 years, until his death in 111 AD.[SUP][7][/SUP] His accession to the throne marked the beginning of a new dynasty of rulers, known as the First Lambakanna Dynasty after the name of his clan.[SUP][8][/SUP]

Harshagiri Inscription of 961 AD in Sikar district mentions god Vasava in Line -20:
<dl><dd> Line-20:This was the fortunate Vigraha-raja, resembling Vasava, [or Indra], when he had performed his adoration [on this same mountain, to the same deity]; by this young prince were the wealth of the race, and the prosperity of victory, both rescued from destruction. </dd><dd>श्रीमान् विग्रह राजो भूत-सुतो वासवोपम:</dd><dd>वंशलक्ष्मी जय श्रीश्च येन ते विधुरोद्धृते ॥ २०</dd></dl> [h=2]In Mahavansa[/h]Mahavansa/Chapter 23 tells....In the district called Giri, in the village of Kutumbiyahgana there dwelt, held in honour (by the people) there, a householder named Vasabha. His fellow-countrymen Vela and Sumana, governor of Giri, came when a son was born to their friend, bringing gifts, and both gave their name to the boy. When he was grown up the governor of Giri had him to dwell in his house. He had a Sindhu-horse that would let no man mount him. The king Gamini made Velusumana dwell near him, giving him honourable guerdon and favouring him greatly.
Mahavansa/Chapter 35 tells ....One sprung of the Lambakanna (clan), named Vasabha, whose home was in the northern province, served under his uncle, a commander of troops. .....After Vasabha's death his son Vankanasika Tissa reigned three years in Anuradhapura. On the bank of the Gonariver the king Vankanasikatissaka built the vihära called Mahamangala. But his consort Mahamatta collected money to build a vihãra, bethinking her of the thera's words.
 
Jat Clans in Mahavansha - Baswan Jat Clan

[h=2]In Mahabharata[/h]Sabha Parva, Mahabharata/Book II Chapter 48 mentions Kings who brought tributes to Yudhishthira: It mentions with Chitraratha the Gandharva.
<dl><dd>राजा चित्ररदॊ नाम गन्धर्वॊ वासवानुगः</dd><dd>शतानि चत्वार्य अथथथ धयानां वातरंहसाम (Mahabharata II.48.22)</dd></dl> Shalya Parva, Mahabharata/Book IX Chapter 44 mentions about Vasava, the epithet of Indra, on the ceremony for investing Kartikeya with the status of generalissimo.
<dl><dd>The gods then, with Vasava at their head, and the Gandharvas, the Yakshas, the Rakshasas, the Munis, and the Pitris, all shouted, for the Victory to Skanda. (Mahabharata IX.44.26)</dd></dl> <dl><dd>जयशब्थं ततश चक्रुर थेवाः सर्वे सवासवाः</dd><dd>गन्धर्वयक्षा रक्षांसि मुनयः पितरस तदा (Mahabharata: IX.44.26) </dd></dl> Vasava, that slayer of hostile heroes, gave unto Agni's son two companions, Utkrosa and Panchaka, who were armed respectively with thunder-bolt and club. These had in battle slain innumerable enemies of Shakra. (Mahabharata IX.44.32)
<dl><dd>उत्क्रॊशं पङ्कजं चैव वज्रथण्डधराव उभौ</dd><dd>थथाव अनल पुत्राय वासवः परवीरहा</dd></dl> <dl><dd>वसवॊ मधुवर्णश च कलशॊदर एव च</dd><dd>धमन्तॊ मन्मदकरः (Mann+Takhar) सूचीवक्त्रश च वीर्यवान (Mahabharata IX.44.67)
</dd></dl>

References

1. Mahendra Singh Arya et al: Adhunik Jat Itihas, p. 269
2. Mahavansa/List of Sovereigns
3. Dr Mahendra Singh Arya etc.: Ādhunik Jat Itihas, Agra 1998 p. 269
4. Siriweera, W. I. (2004). History of Sri Lanka. Dayawansa Jayakodi & Company. p. 169. ISBN 955-551-257-4.
5.Wijesooriya, S. (2006). A Concise Sinhala Mahavamsa. Participatory Development Forum. p. 81. ISBN 955-9140-31-0.
6. http://mahavamsa.org/mahavamsa/simplified-version/kings-of-sri-lanka-62-ad-131-ad/
7. Wijesooriya, S. (2006). A Concise Sinhala Mahavamsa. Participatory Development Forum. p. 81. ISBN 955-9140-31-0.
8. Wijesooriya, S. (2006). A Concise Sinhala Mahavamsa. Participatory Development Forum. p. 81. ISBN 955-9140-31-0.
9. Nicholas, C. W.; Paranavitana, S. (1961). A Concise History of Ceylon. Colombo University Press. p. 77.
 
Jat Clans in Mahavansha - Khanda, Samgha, Sura Jat Clans

Khanda, Samgha, Sura - Mahavansa/Chapter 23 tells.... King Kakavannatissa caused a guard to hold the Damilas in check to be kept continually at all the fords of the Mahäganga. Now the king had, by another wife, a son named Dighabhaya; and he gave the guard near the Kacchaka ford into his charge. And to form the guard this (prince) commanded each noble family within a distance of two yojanas round (to send) one son thither. Within the district of Kotthivala, in the village of Khandakavitthika, lived the chief of a clan the headman named Samgha who had seven sons. To him, too, the prince sent a messenger demanding a son. His seventh son named Nimila had the strength of ten elephants. ....The king gave him (into the service of) the prince Gamani, and with high honours the warrior Süra Nimila took up his abode with him. (Khandakavitthika → Khanda), (Süra Nimila → [URL="http://www.jatland.com/home/Sura"]Sura)[/URL]
 
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Jat Clans in Mahavansha - Hunda Jat Clan

Hunda- Mahavansa/Chapter 23 tells....In the Kulambari-district in the village Hundarivapi lived Tissa's eighth son named Sona. At the time when he was seven years old he tore up young palms; at the time when he was ten years old the strong (boy) tore up great palm-trees. In time Mahasona became as strong as ten elephants. When the king heard that he was such a man he took him from his father and gave him into the service of the prince Gamani that he might maintain him. Receiving honourable guerdon from him, the warrior took up his abode with him. (Hundarivapi→Hunda)
 
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Jat Clans in Mahavansha - Panda Jat Clan

Panda is a Jat clan found in Multan, Pakistan.[SUP][1][/SUP]

Panda may have been originated from ancestor Pandaka mentioned in Mahavansa/Chapter 12, who was first to be converted to Buddhism.

[h=2]History[/h]Khak (खक), Jat clan is found in Kabirwala tahsil, Multan district, and reputed to be one of the four most ancient tribes in that tract, the other three being the Panda, Pahor and Sahu. [SUP][2][/SUP]
H.A. Rose[SUP][3][/SUP] describes Migration of Jats: If the history of the various tribes in Multan be investigated it will be found that there is scarcely a single important tribe now found in the District which has not immigrated within the last 500 or 600 years. The whole population in Multan has for many centuries been in a state of constant flux, and it is of very little use trying to discover who the original inhabitants were even in the pre-Muhammadan times The Khaks, Pandas, Pahors and Sahus in Kabirwala tahsil, the Dhudhis in Mailsi, and the Kharas, north of Multan, are reputed vaguely to have been converted to Islam in the Multan district during the 13th century, but the traditions cannot be trusted. When the Ain-i-Akbari was compiled the Sahus, Sandas, Marrals, Tahims, Ghallus, Channars, Joiyas, Utheras and Khichis were settled in or near their present seats, and tradition assigns many tribal immigrations to Akbar's time.

Mahavansa/Chapter 12 tells that ....When the thera Moggaliputta had brought the third council to an end and when he had beheld the founding of the religion in adjacent countries then he sent forth theras, one here and one there.

The thera Majjhantika he sent to Kasmira and Gandhara.
At that time in Kasmira and Gandhära did the Naga-king of wondrous power reined....the thera preached the doctrine, and thereupon the naga-king came unto the (three) refuges and the precepts of duty, and this likewise did eighty-four thousand Nagas and many Gandhabbas, Yakkhas and Kumbhandakas in the Himalaya.


But a Yakkha named Pandaka with (his wife) the Yakkhini Harita and his five hundred sons obtained the first fruit (of sanctification).

References

1. A glossary of the Tribes and Castes of the Punjab and North-West Frontier Province By H.A. Rose Vol II/K,p.489

2. A glossary of the Tribes and Castes of the Punjab and North-West Frontier Province By H.A. Rose Vol II/K,p.489

3. A glossary of the Tribes and Castes of the Punjab and North-West Frontier Province By H.A. Rose Vol II/J,p.370
 
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