contd...
Historical Kalita Kingdom
Existence of a
Kalita Kingdom in North eastern India has been found in certain credible literay sources.
The report of Mr. Moffal Mills and
Maniram Dewan (during the
British occupation of India)says, “ It appears that there was an
Aryan settlement at a distance of 15 days march through hilly roads from the
Ahom territory, beyond the regions occupied by the
Abors and the
Miris. The people bore Hindu names like Vasudeva, Harideva, Sankarsan etc,. There was also a
Hindu king in the land. The name of the kingdom was Kolita.” <SUP><SMALL>
[1]</SMALL></SUP>
In 1828, John Bryan
Neufville was appointed as Political Agent, Upper
Assam and Junior Commissioner at
Rangpur.
Neufville also held this idea. In his words,
“ The country to the eastward of Bhot (
Bhutan) and northward of Sadiya (
Upper-Assam), extending on the plain beyond the mountains, is said to be possessed by a powerful nation called Kolitas, who are described as having attained a high degree of advancement and civilization, equal to any of the nations in the East.” <SUP><SMALL>
[2]</SMALL></SUP>
Rowlette also confirms the feasibility of this kingdom. During
Ahom rule, tribes of
Arunachal Pradesh, like the
Daflas and
Mishmis owed allegiance to the
Ahom State and the Kolita rulers were a branch of the paramount power itself. Therefore the frontiers of Assam extended beyond the present day
Arunachal Pradesh. The northern limits extended to the limits of the
Monpa country (present
Arunachal Pradesh).
Leut R.Wilcox of the 46th
Regiment Native
Infantry gave the details of the route to Kolita kingdom and concluded thus:
“ From Sadiya to Kolita is a journey of 42 days and 6 hrs, in the idle of the way the route lies through hills, where dense jungles makes it difficult to approach.”.” <SUP><SMALL>
[3]</SMALL></SUP>
The Kalita kingdom, Neufville claims ,was washed away by the great flood in the mid 18th century <SUP><SMALL>
[4]</SMALL></SUP>
The Kalti coins which find reference in
Kautilya's
Arthashastra and which are supposed to be one of the earliest coins is also ascribed to the Kalitas.
Social life
As per the history of
Assam, the Kalitas were agriculturists by profession, though during the
Ahom dynasty's rule they proved their might and capabilities as soldiers, generals, administrators, envoys and judges too.
The Ahom
paik system surnames of
Bora, Hazarika, Saikia, Kakoti,
Barua, Rajkhowa and Phukan can be found amongst the Kalitas of Assam, which signify that they served the Ahom monarchy. Bora was the leader of 20 paiks (or foot soldiers), Saikia that of 100 paiks, Hazarika that of 1000 paiks. The
Baruas led 3000 men, similar to the Rajkhowas. Phukans formed the uppermost layers of the Ahom military and judicio-administrative structure, subservient to the Ahom
Borphukans and
Borbaruas. <SUP><SMALL>
[5]</SMALL></SUP>
Phukans are found in
Brahmins, Ahoms and Kalitas of Assam alike. Certain posts like "Boiragi" or envoys to neighbouring kingdoms like the
Jaintias (presently in
Meghalaya), the
Kacharis (Assam) and the
Mughal Sultanate in
Bengal, were given to Kalitas in preference to Ahoms. <SUP><SMALL>
[6]</SMALL></SUP>
Kalitas also formed part of the revenue system under the Mughal-dominated areas in lower Assam. Notable Kalita surnames of this genre are Barman,
Chowdhury,
Deka, Thakuria,Talukdar and Kakoti.
The Kalitas actively took part and supported the Ek Saraniya Naam Dharma propounded by Mahapurush
Srimanta Sankardev after its appearance in Assam.
In present day Assam, the Kalitas are ubiquitous by their presence in every sub-division of Assam. The Kalitas are one of the foremost groups of Assam, seen in all spheres of life and have made their presence felt in the socio-cultural-literary-economic scene in Assam.
Presently, there is a small Kalita Assamese diaspora around the world, especially in
UK and
USA. They are engaged in all professions and have made Assam proud with their achievements.<SUP class=Template-Fact title="This claim needs references to reliable sources from November 2009">[
citation needed ].</SUP>
<SUP></SUP>
<SUP>
They also mentioed Deka's and Chaudhary's in their noteble personelties like :-</SUP>
Mahendra Mohan Chowdhury - Late Chief Minister of Assam.
Ambika Giri Rai-Chowdhury - Assamese nationalist.
Ramen Deka, MP from Mangaldoi (Assam);
Kanak Sen Deka, Ex-President, Axom Xahitya Xobha;
Deka's of Assam are adding Deka's like Dhake's of Maharastra instade of Dhaka and joined local sangha's in ancient time.There are lot of evidances found in villages and in ancient history.They are moved from north in ancient time to fight another local kabila's and to develope their kingdom.
Dhaka's developed their subedaris in far and diffent area's (like Dhaka villages:- "Dhaka village in Puri-Champaran,Bihar"."Dhaka village Near Dhanera,Distt.Banaskatha,Gujrat"."Bhainsadeh village in Firojpur,Punjab"."Dhaka village in
Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa , Pakistan" etc) for lagan collection centre's and their main collection centre's are Burhanpur in Madhya Pradesh,Sikar in Rajasthan,Gandhar in Afganistan,Bugaigaon in Assam and Bhuvneshwar in Orissa, due to,Their big kindom.
On the way to Chashma Barrage (from D.I. Khan), The Southern Kafir Kot Fort stands on low (Marwat) hills and is clearly visible from the road. Kike the Northern Kafir Kot Fort, 38 km further up the Indus, it was built at the time of the Hindu Rajput Kingdom (8th to the 10th century) and was destroyed by Mahmud of Ghaznavi in the 11th century. Neither fort was rebuilt.
वरडक)) which is one of the thirty-four provinces of 
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