continued ......
• Equipment costs can be negotiated.
• Salaries are taken on higher side & can be reduced.
• Cost of Vehicles has not been taken into consideration as they will be on installments.
• Office Expenses include Tel & Electricity expenses @ Rs. 5,000 pm.
• All expenses can be reduced with Good Manufacturing Practices.
Sr.No Considerations for 450 days No of
heads Rate Cost ( In Lacs)
C Recurring Costs :-
1 Feeding 130 120/cow 70.20
2 Mineral Mixture 130 100/kg 4.095
3 Deworming & vaccinations ( 5 time ) 185 50 /time 0.463
4 Insurance (3% yearly = 3.7/450 days) 100 1110 1.11
5 Veterinary Medicines 100 80 /mth 1.2
6 Miscellaneous 185 5/day 4.16
Total recurring Expenses 81.228
Total Project Cost for 450 days A + B + C = 204.578
PLEASE DO NOTE :
A : Capital Cost : Only needed once & is depreciable.
B : Administrative Costs : is a fixed variable & will be under control for at least one cycle.
C : Recurring Costs : This will be always & liable to fluctuate everyday due to weather, rains, natural calamities, transport delays, unavailability of ingredients, erratic supplies & various other factors.
It is also crucial to note that these practices for feeding have to be inculcated in the labours from day ONE. A small added expense of Re. 1/day/animal will incur losses to a tune of Rs. 58,500/cycle of 450 days.
At the same time a saving of 1% on feeding can help us SAVE Rs. 70, 200/-cycle.
We can definitely save 3-5% if good Manufacturing Practice is followed.
In the initial stages it will be imperative to undertake:
1. a survey of the Land :
a. Ideal location of all units viz
Godown, various types of Pens for calves, Isolation unit, Grass growing,
Laboratory (Clinical/Nutritional) etc. has to be demarcated.
2. Take a tour to various farms in Maharashtra/ other places so as to get a clear idea of the construction types / location / directions & various other parameters.
The Dairy Farms (in Maharashtra) to be visited are:
a. Chakan : Parag Milk ( Gowardhan dairy) for the size.
b. Karjat : Dairy farm ( now almost closed down ) but idea of the construction of Free stall system done with help of Israel Consultants.
c. Baramati : S. Sorte farm ; For the economics of the construction etc.
d. Chitale farm : for the Milking Machine / automization set up.
e. Satara : Ganesh Deshmukh farm for other (Horticulture/Aqua farm) ideas.
f. Islampur : Thakur farm for the Milking machine idea.
g. Bangalore : To look at the best source of Cow Purchase.
h. Sonai : Agriculture College Farm of buffaloes for the ventilation ideas.
Approximately a day will be required to visit each & every farm wherein it will be essential to Photograph & Video graph the whole so as to get a clear idea as to how the sheds will be built. All this would entail a Touring of minimum 8 days.
3. Then it will be seen to arrange for the gradual purchase (if possible & feasible) of the animals form various locations viz. Baramati, Akluj, Banglore, Manchar, Narayangaon, Shirur, Shrirampur, Loni & A. Nagar etc.
Major Points :-
1. Purchase of Cow :
2. Availability of Fodder
Green – Planning for legume, non leguminous, Seasonal, schedule
Requirement /cow, for all
Dry - Requirement, availability, season for purchase
Cheaper availability, round the year/seasonal
Storage facility
Control and check on spoilage
3. Animal purchase –
Lactation Completed - I, II lactation preferred
Stage of pregnancy - 7-8 month Pregnant / Freshly calved depending upon
Transport conditions.
Body Condition Scoring – Systematic
Source - Reliable
Previous Records
Lactation
Disease
Health
Preventive Inoculation Details
Hoof History
4. Animal Selection – Criteria
a. Insurance with PTD coverage (negotiation in Premium)
b. Quarantine 21 days
c. Identification – Tagging
d. Preventive Inoculation Schedule Stock of Vaccine, Source, Schedule.
5. Feeding & Care :
Nutritional Requirement based on different level of Pregnancy
Last Trimester
Last month
Pre Calving
Calving as well as Post Calving
Nutritional Requirement based on : – Different stages of lactation
Level of production
Body Condition
Close Watch on fulfilling the requirement of Individual Animal
6. Timing - Feeding Schedule
Watch on fulfilling requirement of the animal
Detection of unhealthy animal
7. Health – for optimum production
Body Scoring
Loss of weight
Negative energy balance
Corrective measures
Sample study (as a regular feature) – Group of animals, Intensive care, regular
8. Management feeding, health – changes based on observations of study of
a. Calving Interval :
b. Individual animal - Post calving gynecological health of individual
Proper recording, follow-up
Trained heat detector
Heat detection 30 – 50 days post calving
Observation of next estrus,
Onset of Heat - Timings
Proper time of AI
Grouping of animals not showing heat 30- 50 days post calving
Gynecological examination
Suitable synchronization programme with skilled Veterinarian
Future Planning for breeding
Breed, exotic inheritance level, superior Germplasm, Quality FSD
Proper technique and procedure of AI
Recording all breeding information
Follow-up 21/42/63 days post AI for signs of repeat heat
Pregnancy follow-up at earliest possible date & its confirmation
c. Grouping of Problem Breeders – arrangement for examination by Gyanecologist
Grouping of the animals
Production Problem Breeders
Stage of lactation Sample Study ( by changing the group )
Stage of Pregnancy
Close Monitoring of the following for Optimising :
• Nutritional requirements ( Fodders /Silages)
• Supplement requirement
• Concentrate Need at different stages
• Feeding Management
• Breeding Management
• Health Control
• Mastitis Control
• Stock for culling
• Lactation curve – Individual & group
• Daily Economic Calculation
Mastitis Control:
• Hygiene in the shade
• Udder hygiene
• Cleanliness, hygiene, care & disinfection before & after milking
• Nutrient requirement in relation to mastitis
• Periodical Test for Mastitis detection
• Female Calf Rearing needs special attention & focus.
• Teat dipping
PRODUCTION AND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
Success in Dairy Farming is not an event that comes automatically, to be successful one must have a goal, there must be plans on how to attain that goal, and there is usually much mental and physical effort expended in working towards the goal. Top milk production will not be realized unless the best management practices are used.
There are TEN groups of factors that are important.
It is possible for us to bring the farm into Profits by monitoring in:
1. Feeding Management
2. Breeding factors;
3. Mastitis control and Milking practices factors;
4. Stress reduction factors
5. Health Management
6. Reproductive Management
7. Optimization of Milk Yield by reducing the production cost.
8. Undertaking (Female) Calf rearing project
9. Labour Management factors.
10. Improving the yield from wastes viz. Dung (Vermicomposting OR Composting with chemicals) & sale of Urine.
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