Rise above the Gotra confusion, bloodline of Gills and Dahiya, I believe, is L-M357, thus same. Same rule applies to all, if Sangwan and Sidhu/Brar are the same then they both must be R1a-Y7+.
You are using an out of date browser. It may not display this or other websites correctly.
You should upgrade or use an alternative browser.
You should upgrade or use an alternative browser.
Research on history of Jat clans
- Thread starter lrburdak
- Start date
Rise above the Gotra confusion, bloodline of Gills and Dahiya, I believe, is L-M357, thus same. Same rule applies to all, if Sangwan and Sidhu/Brar are the same then they both must be R1a-Y7+.
History of Malli, Malhi or Mali Jat clan
Mali (माली) gotra Jats are found in Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh.
Dr Pema Ram writes that after the invasion of Alexander in 326 BC, the Jats of Sindh and Punjab migrated to Rajasthan. They built tanks, wells and Bawadis near their habitations. The tribes migrated were: Shivis, Yaudheyas, Malavas, Madras etc. The Shivi tribe which came from Ravi and Beas Rivers founded towns like Sheo, Sojat, Siwana, Shergarh, Shivganj etc. This area was adjoining to Sindh and mainly inhabited by Jats. The descendants of Malavas are: Mal, Madra, Mandal, Male, Malloi etc. [Dr Pema Ram:Rajasthan Ke Jaton Ka Itihas, First Edition 2010, ISBN:81-86103-96-1,p.14 ]
Malli in Malwa region of Madhya Pradesh are known as Mali.
Alexander Cunningham (The Ancient Geography of India) writes that
Multan is known by several different names, but all of them refer either to Vishnu or to the Sun, the latter being the great object of worship in the famous temple that once crowned the citadel. Abu Rihan mentions the names of Kasyapa-puru, Hansapura, Bhagapura, and Sambapura, to which I may add, Prahladapura and Adyasthana. (p.232)
Kasyapa-pura was founded by Kasyapa.(p.232)
Prahlada, the ardent worshipper of Vishnu, after whom the city was named Prahladapura. His great-grandson, Bana, commonly called Bana the Asur (Banasura), was the unsuccessful antagonist of Krishna, who took possession of the kingdom of Multan. (p.232)
Here Samba, the son of Krishna, established himself in the grove of Mitra-vana, and by assiduous devotion to Mitra, or the " Sun," was cured of his leprosy. He then erected a golden statue of Mitra, in a temple named Adyasthana (आद्यस्थान), or the " First Shrine," and the worship of the Sun thus began by Samba, has continued at Multan down to the present day. (p.233)
Hwen Thsang calls it Meu-lo-san-pu-lo, which, according to M. Vivien de St. Martin, is a transcription of Mulasthanipura. (p.233)
Arrian (' Anabasis,' vi. 8.) says - " Having tarried there one day to refresh his army, he then directed his march against others of the same nation, who, he was informed, had abandoned their cities and retired into the deserts ; and taking another day's rest, on the next he commanded Python, and Demetrius the captain of a troop of horse, with the forces they then had, and a party of light armed foot, to return immediately to the river, etc. In the meanwhile he led his forces to the capital city of the Malli, whither, he was informed, many of the inhabitants of other cities had fled for their better security." (p.237)
For these reasons I am quite satisfied that the capital city of the Malli was the modern Multan; but the identification will be still further confirmed as we proceed with Arrian's narrative. (p.237)
At the assault of the capital Alexander was dangerously wounded, and his enraged troops spared neither the aged, nor the women, nor the children, and every soul was put to the sword. (p.238)
Arrian (Anabasis,' vi. 11.) "for the city," says " belonged to the Malli, and from that people he received the wound. (p.238)
Strabo (Geogr., xv. 1, 33. ) also says that Alexander received his wound at the capture of a city of the Malli. (p.239)
Mali (माली) gotra Jats are found in Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh.
Dr Pema Ram writes that after the invasion of Alexander in 326 BC, the Jats of Sindh and Punjab migrated to Rajasthan. They built tanks, wells and Bawadis near their habitations. The tribes migrated were: Shivis, Yaudheyas, Malavas, Madras etc. The Shivi tribe which came from Ravi and Beas Rivers founded towns like Sheo, Sojat, Siwana, Shergarh, Shivganj etc. This area was adjoining to Sindh and mainly inhabited by Jats. The descendants of Malavas are: Mal, Madra, Mandal, Male, Malloi etc. [Dr Pema Ram:Rajasthan Ke Jaton Ka Itihas, First Edition 2010, ISBN:81-86103-96-1,p.14 ]
Malli in Malwa region of Madhya Pradesh are known as Mali.
Alexander Cunningham (The Ancient Geography of India) writes that
Multan is known by several different names, but all of them refer either to Vishnu or to the Sun, the latter being the great object of worship in the famous temple that once crowned the citadel. Abu Rihan mentions the names of Kasyapa-puru, Hansapura, Bhagapura, and Sambapura, to which I may add, Prahladapura and Adyasthana. (p.232)
Kasyapa-pura was founded by Kasyapa.(p.232)
Prahlada, the ardent worshipper of Vishnu, after whom the city was named Prahladapura. His great-grandson, Bana, commonly called Bana the Asur (Banasura), was the unsuccessful antagonist of Krishna, who took possession of the kingdom of Multan. (p.232)
Here Samba, the son of Krishna, established himself in the grove of Mitra-vana, and by assiduous devotion to Mitra, or the " Sun," was cured of his leprosy. He then erected a golden statue of Mitra, in a temple named Adyasthana (आद्यस्थान), or the " First Shrine," and the worship of the Sun thus began by Samba, has continued at Multan down to the present day. (p.233)
Hwen Thsang calls it Meu-lo-san-pu-lo, which, according to M. Vivien de St. Martin, is a transcription of Mulasthanipura. (p.233)
Arrian (' Anabasis,' vi. 8.) says - " Having tarried there one day to refresh his army, he then directed his march against others of the same nation, who, he was informed, had abandoned their cities and retired into the deserts ; and taking another day's rest, on the next he commanded Python, and Demetrius the captain of a troop of horse, with the forces they then had, and a party of light armed foot, to return immediately to the river, etc. In the meanwhile he led his forces to the capital city of the Malli, whither, he was informed, many of the inhabitants of other cities had fled for their better security." (p.237)
For these reasons I am quite satisfied that the capital city of the Malli was the modern Multan; but the identification will be still further confirmed as we proceed with Arrian's narrative. (p.237)
At the assault of the capital Alexander was dangerously wounded, and his enraged troops spared neither the aged, nor the women, nor the children, and every soul was put to the sword. (p.238)
Arrian (Anabasis,' vi. 11.) "for the city," says " belonged to the Malli, and from that people he received the wound. (p.238)
Strabo (Geogr., xv. 1, 33. ) also says that Alexander received his wound at the capture of a city of the Malli. (p.239)
Rise above the Gotra confusion, bloodline of Gills and Dahiya, I believe, is L-M357, thus same. Same rule applies to all, if Sangwan and Sidhu/Brar are the same then they both must be R1a-Y7+.
I think gotra is important but to find origins and early references is difficult and tedious work and it is a very good idea to discuss their history, which is much more than just their origin. A good example is what is provided by Laxman ji above. Lot of their origin may be same.
There is a reason on why you use your last name as it is. Other wise you will use L-M357 or R1a or R2D2 something like that as your last name. Now that will not be very readable to say the least.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2-BKjnAgNgY
Last edited:
drssrana2003
New member
Gotra starts from the third generation of offspsprings (vide Panini's sutra-'pautra -prabhriti apatyam gotram'. It is used to trace one's ancestory. The same gotra may continue for ages. Alternatively any family is at liberty to introduce a new gotra after an eminent predecessor with one gap. It is this practice which has led to the endless number of gotras within not very remotely connected groups. Gotras, because of this freedom have gone into unrecognisable dimensions. When literacy spreads the proliferation of gotra is a common phenomenon. No amount of guess work is helpful to save us from the perils of going wrong in tracing gotra names drom scanty evidence of a minor similarity of sound. It is not so easy to get at the root of things by clinging at some twigs. Validation is our dharma before we jump at conclusion. Validation requires three tools to help us, viz., pratyaksha/anumaana/ aagama pramanas. At least any one should be applicable Without thaty we are only allowing our mind to be a victim of confusionor illusionor imagination.I think gotra is important but to find origins and early references is difficult and tedious work and it is a very good idea to discuss their history, which is much more than just their origin. A good example is what is provided by Laxman ji above. Lot of their origin may be same. There is a reason on why you use your last name as it is. Other wise you will use L-M357 or R1a or R2D2 something like that as your last name. Now that will not be very readable to say the least.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2-BKjnAgNgY
I think gotra is important but to find origins and early references is difficult and tedious work and it is a very good idea to discuss their history, which is much more than just their origin. A good example is what is provided by Laxman ji above. Lot of their origin may be same.
There is a reason on why you use your last name as it is. Other wise you will use L-M357 or R1a or R2D2 something like that as your last name. Now that will not be very readable to say the least.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2-BKjnAgNgY
The true lineage is only your yDNA lineage and can be proven only with yDNA test, Gotras can be adopted but your yDNA can never be adopted as it is only passed from the father to his son.
I have explained it already a few times, one may think that he is a Jatt of such and a such gotra, now people of that gotra and all its related offshoots gotras say are supposed to be R1a-Y7+, but when a person of that gotra gets the DNA test and finds out that he is H1a, all of a sudden he is in a shock, as he realizes that he carries not the bloodline of Jatts but that of Bhils, this is why it is important to verify gotra claims by DNA test . And my sincere suggestion is, once we find out the bloodline of the different gotras, based on the DNA results, the derived gotras should be dropped in favour of the original gotra.
Last edited:
drssrana2003
New member
Will this method not reveal all adulterous couples, the existence of which in any group can not be ruled out? Will it not like knowing the date of our impending death, however remote?The true lineage is only your yDNA lineage and can be proven only with yDNA test, Gotras can be adopted but your yDNA can never be adopted as it is only passed from the father to his son.I have explained it already a few times, one may think that he is a Jatt of such and a such gotra, now people of that gotra and all its related offshoots gotras say are supposed to be R1a-Y7+, but when a person of that gotra gets the DNA test and finds out that he is H1a, all of a sudden he is in a shock, as he realizes that he carries not the bloodline of Jatts but that of Bhils, this is why it is important to verify gotra claims by DNA test . And my sincere suggestion is, once we find out the bloodline of the different gotras, based on the DNA results, the derived gotras should be dropped in favour of the original gotra.
Will this method not reveal all adulterous couples, the existence of which in any group can not be ruled out? Will it not like knowing the date of our impending death, however remote?
http://www.themarysue.com/identical-twin-difference/#geekosystem,
Exactly. Do you think that a Bhil child, result of an adulterous relationship, deserves to be passed on as an offspring of a Jatt, the preserver of the Jatt lineage? This is a way to weed out such elements from among the Jatts, be it an illegitimate line or those who somehow [in deceptive ways] been able to find their way into Jatt ethnic group. For Jatts to disappear permanently, all their true lines would have to have no son at all to preserve the Jatt lineage, and I see no possibility of that happening at all, as they are numerous and now all over the world.
History of Bhambu clan
Bhambhu (भाम्बू) gotra of Jats found in Rajasthan, Bhimbar (भिंबर) Haryana, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. Bhimbar/Bhambu clan is found in Afghanistan.
History
A city named Bhambura in Sindh, is mentioned by Cunningham as capital of a king, named Bhambu Raja in tenth century AD.[1][2]
Bhambura was an ancient ruined city in Lower Sindh, Pakistan. It was capital of Bhambu Raja in about the tenth century. It was deserted in about A.D. 1250 on account of the failure of the Ghara river, which was the most westerly branch of the Indus.[3] Alexander Cunningham has identified Bhambura with the town of Barke, which Alexander built on his return up the river.[4]
In the Damoh Stone Inscription of Vijayasimha, of the Kalachuri dynasty from 10th-12th centuries, a virtuous man devoted to Bhambhukadeva. He is said to have fought at Chittor, conquered the Delhi armies, scattered the Deccan forces close to Mahāgadh, and driven out the Gurjaras. Here Bhambhukadeva probably is the originator of Bhambhu Gotra.
Note - May read more at http://www.jatland.com/home/Bhamu
References -
1.Bhim Singh Dahiya: Jats the Ancient Rulers, p. 245
2.Ancient Geography of India, p. 248
3.Alexander Cunningham: The Ancient Geography of India/Western India,pp. 294
4.Alexander Cunningham: The Ancient Geography of India/Western India,pp. 295
Bhambhu (भाम्बू) gotra of Jats found in Rajasthan, Bhimbar (भिंबर) Haryana, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. Bhimbar/Bhambu clan is found in Afghanistan.
History
A city named Bhambura in Sindh, is mentioned by Cunningham as capital of a king, named Bhambu Raja in tenth century AD.[1][2]
Bhambura was an ancient ruined city in Lower Sindh, Pakistan. It was capital of Bhambu Raja in about the tenth century. It was deserted in about A.D. 1250 on account of the failure of the Ghara river, which was the most westerly branch of the Indus.[3] Alexander Cunningham has identified Bhambura with the town of Barke, which Alexander built on his return up the river.[4]
In the Damoh Stone Inscription of Vijayasimha, of the Kalachuri dynasty from 10th-12th centuries, a virtuous man devoted to Bhambhukadeva. He is said to have fought at Chittor, conquered the Delhi armies, scattered the Deccan forces close to Mahāgadh, and driven out the Gurjaras. Here Bhambhukadeva probably is the originator of Bhambhu Gotra.
Note - May read more at http://www.jatland.com/home/Bhamu
References -
1.Bhim Singh Dahiya: Jats the Ancient Rulers, p. 245
2.Ancient Geography of India, p. 248
3.Alexander Cunningham: The Ancient Geography of India/Western India,pp. 294
4.Alexander Cunningham: The Ancient Geography of India/Western India,pp. 295
History of Bolor clan
Bolor was one of Buddhist places visited by Xuanzangin 631 AD. Bolor has been identified with the modern Balti, or Little Tibet by Alexander Cunningham.[1]
Bhim Singh Dahiya [2] writes with reference to Alberuni, who mentions various Jat clans whom he styled as Turkish tribes. The Bolor (Bhullar), the Bhatta (Bhatti of today), etc., are mentioned by Alberuni.[3]
Alexander Cunningham[4] writes about Bolor or Balti: From Darel Hwen Thsang travelled 500 li, or 83 miles, over a mountain range, and up the valley of the Indus to Po-lu-lo, or Bolor.
This district was 4000 li, or 666 miles, in circuit; its greatest length being from east to west. It was surrounded by snowy mountains, and produced a large quantity of gold. This account of the route, compared with the bearing
[p.84]: and distance, show that Po-lu-lo must be the modern Balti, or Little Tibet, which is undoubtedly correct, as the people of the neighbouring Dardu districts on the Indus know Balti only by the name of 'Palolo[5] Balti also is still famous for its gold washings. The name, too, is an old one, as Ptolemy calls the people Bύλταί, or Byltae. Lastly, both in size and position Balti corresponds exactly with the account of the Chinese pilgrim, as the length of the province is along the course of the Indus from east to west for 150 miles, and the breadth about 80 miles from the mountains of Deoseh to the Karakoram range, or altogether 460 miles in circuit, as measured direct on the map, or about 600 miles by road measurement.
References
1.The Ancient Geography of India, pp. 84
2.Jats the Ancient Rulers (A clan study)/Harsha Vardhana : Linkage and Identity, p.224
3.Alberuni's India, by Sachau. p. 207
4. The Ancient Geography of India, pp. 81-83
5.'Hiouen Thsang.'ii. 150; and my 'Ladak.'p. 31.
Bolor was one of Buddhist places visited by Xuanzangin 631 AD. Bolor has been identified with the modern Balti, or Little Tibet by Alexander Cunningham.[1]
Bhim Singh Dahiya [2] writes with reference to Alberuni, who mentions various Jat clans whom he styled as Turkish tribes. The Bolor (Bhullar), the Bhatta (Bhatti of today), etc., are mentioned by Alberuni.[3]
Alexander Cunningham[4] writes about Bolor or Balti: From Darel Hwen Thsang travelled 500 li, or 83 miles, over a mountain range, and up the valley of the Indus to Po-lu-lo, or Bolor.
This district was 4000 li, or 666 miles, in circuit; its greatest length being from east to west. It was surrounded by snowy mountains, and produced a large quantity of gold. This account of the route, compared with the bearing
[p.84]: and distance, show that Po-lu-lo must be the modern Balti, or Little Tibet, which is undoubtedly correct, as the people of the neighbouring Dardu districts on the Indus know Balti only by the name of 'Palolo[5] Balti also is still famous for its gold washings. The name, too, is an old one, as Ptolemy calls the people Bύλταί, or Byltae. Lastly, both in size and position Balti corresponds exactly with the account of the Chinese pilgrim, as the length of the province is along the course of the Indus from east to west for 150 miles, and the breadth about 80 miles from the mountains of Deoseh to the Karakoram range, or altogether 460 miles in circuit, as measured direct on the map, or about 600 miles by road measurement.
References
1.The Ancient Geography of India, pp. 84
2.Jats the Ancient Rulers (A clan study)/Harsha Vardhana : Linkage and Identity, p.224
3.Alberuni's India, by Sachau. p. 207
4. The Ancient Geography of India, pp. 81-83
5.'Hiouen Thsang.'ii. 150; and my 'Ladak.'p. 31.
History of Lakara clan
Lakada (लाकड़ा) Lakara/ Lakra (लाकड़ा) Lakda (लाकड़ा) Lakre (लाकड़े) is gotra of Jats found in Haryana. They are considered to be a branch of Chauhans.
Visit of Langala by Xuanzang in 641 AD
Alexander Cunningham[1] writes that These districts are described by Hwen Thsang under the general name of Lang-kie-lo, which M. Julien renders by Langala. M. de St. Martin, however, refers it to the tribe of Langa, but it is extremely doubtful whether this is an ancient name, The other name of Langalas, quoted from the Vishnu Purana, is only a variant reading of Jangalas, which is almost certainly the correct form, as it is immediately followed by Kuru-Jangalas. Hwen Thsang fixes the capital of Lang-kie-lo at 2000 li, or 333 miles, to the west of Kotesar in Kachh. But as this bearing would place it in the middle of the Indian Ocean, the
[p.311]: true direction must be north-west. Now this latter bearing and distance correspond with the position of the great ruined city of Lakorian, which Masson[2] found between Khozdar and Kilat. In older maps the name is written simply Lakura, which appears to me to be very fairly represented by the Chinese Lang-kie-lo, or Lankara. [3] Masson describes the ruined fortifications as " remarkable for their magnitude, as well as for the solidity and the skill evident in their construction." From the size and importance of these ruins, I conclude that they are the remains of a large city, which has at some former period been the capital of the country. The Chinese pilgrim describes the province as being many thousands of li in breadth as well as in length. It is clear, therefore, that it corresponded, as nearly as possible, with the modern district of Biluchistan, of which the present capital, Kilat, is only 60 miles to the north of Lakura. In the seventh century, the capital was called Su-neu-li-shi-fa-lo, and was 30 li, or 5 miles, in circuit. The Chinese syllables are rendered by M. Julien as Sunuriswara, of which he offers no translation. But as Hwen Thsang describes a magnificent temple of Siva in the middle of the city, I infer that the Chinese transcript may be intended for Sambhuriswara, which is a well-known title of Siva as the "lord of divine beings," or the " god of gods." By assuming that this name belongs properly to the temple, the other name of Lang-kie-lo, or Lakara, may be applied to the capital as well as to the province.
BS Dahiya writes that The Lāngala tribe is mentioned in Mahabharata after Kachchhas along with Pangal (Pakhalla), Sindhu (Sindhu), Kachela etc - कच्छा गॊपाल कच्छाश च लाङ्गलाः परवल्लकाः किराता बर्बराः सिद्धा विदेहास ताम्रलिङ्गकाः Mahabharata (VI.10.55) [4]
From the above description of Alexander Cunningham and Mahabharata we can think of Langala to be same as Lakara. Thus we find origin of Lakaras in Baluchistan and rightly classed in Chauhans when they crossed Sindh and joined Hindus.
References -
1. The Ancient Geography of India/Western India,pp.310-311
2. ' Kilat,' p. 63 ; and ' Biluchistan,' ii. 46.
3. The same Chinese character, lang, is found in the transcript of Baghalan, where the vowel of the final syllable is long.
4. BS Dahiya: Jats the Ancient Rulers (A clan study)/Appendices/Appendix III,p.338,s.n. 19
Lakada (लाकड़ा) Lakara/ Lakra (लाकड़ा) Lakda (लाकड़ा) Lakre (लाकड़े) is gotra of Jats found in Haryana. They are considered to be a branch of Chauhans.
Visit of Langala by Xuanzang in 641 AD
Alexander Cunningham[1] writes that These districts are described by Hwen Thsang under the general name of Lang-kie-lo, which M. Julien renders by Langala. M. de St. Martin, however, refers it to the tribe of Langa, but it is extremely doubtful whether this is an ancient name, The other name of Langalas, quoted from the Vishnu Purana, is only a variant reading of Jangalas, which is almost certainly the correct form, as it is immediately followed by Kuru-Jangalas. Hwen Thsang fixes the capital of Lang-kie-lo at 2000 li, or 333 miles, to the west of Kotesar in Kachh. But as this bearing would place it in the middle of the Indian Ocean, the
[p.311]: true direction must be north-west. Now this latter bearing and distance correspond with the position of the great ruined city of Lakorian, which Masson[2] found between Khozdar and Kilat. In older maps the name is written simply Lakura, which appears to me to be very fairly represented by the Chinese Lang-kie-lo, or Lankara. [3] Masson describes the ruined fortifications as " remarkable for their magnitude, as well as for the solidity and the skill evident in their construction." From the size and importance of these ruins, I conclude that they are the remains of a large city, which has at some former period been the capital of the country. The Chinese pilgrim describes the province as being many thousands of li in breadth as well as in length. It is clear, therefore, that it corresponded, as nearly as possible, with the modern district of Biluchistan, of which the present capital, Kilat, is only 60 miles to the north of Lakura. In the seventh century, the capital was called Su-neu-li-shi-fa-lo, and was 30 li, or 5 miles, in circuit. The Chinese syllables are rendered by M. Julien as Sunuriswara, of which he offers no translation. But as Hwen Thsang describes a magnificent temple of Siva in the middle of the city, I infer that the Chinese transcript may be intended for Sambhuriswara, which is a well-known title of Siva as the "lord of divine beings," or the " god of gods." By assuming that this name belongs properly to the temple, the other name of Lang-kie-lo, or Lakara, may be applied to the capital as well as to the province.
BS Dahiya writes that The Lāngala tribe is mentioned in Mahabharata after Kachchhas along with Pangal (Pakhalla), Sindhu (Sindhu), Kachela etc - कच्छा गॊपाल कच्छाश च लाङ्गलाः परवल्लकाः किराता बर्बराः सिद्धा विदेहास ताम्रलिङ्गकाः Mahabharata (VI.10.55) [4]
From the above description of Alexander Cunningham and Mahabharata we can think of Langala to be same as Lakara. Thus we find origin of Lakaras in Baluchistan and rightly classed in Chauhans when they crossed Sindh and joined Hindus.
References -
1. The Ancient Geography of India/Western India,pp.310-311
2. ' Kilat,' p. 63 ; and ' Biluchistan,' ii. 46.
3. The same Chinese character, lang, is found in the transcript of Baghalan, where the vowel of the final syllable is long.
4. BS Dahiya: Jats the Ancient Rulers (A clan study)/Appendices/Appendix III,p.338,s.n. 19
Last edited:
History of Lamba clan
Lamba (लांबा) Lamanshi (लामवंशी) Lamba (लाम्बा) Lamba (लम्बा) Lava (लावा) Lanva (लांवा) Lamva (लाम्वा) Lampaka (लम्पक) is gotra of Jats found in Rajasthan, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh and Haryana. This clan is very old and is found among the Rajputs, Jats, Marathas and Khatris. Dilip Singh Ahlawat has mentioned it as one of the ruling Jat clans in Central Asia. [Jat History Dalip Singh Ahlawat/Chapter IV, p.342]
History
There is reference to King Brihadbala of the Lava dynasty in Drona Parva of the Mahabharata. This dynasty is from Maharaja Rama Chandra's son Lava.
B S Dahiya[1] writes: They are also called Lampakas or Lampas in the Indian Literature, Although Garuda Purana mentions them as Lamba. Markandeya Purana mentions them with the Kuserus, Chulikas, etc., as people of the north. [2] The Matsya Purana too, mentions them. The Mahabharata while mentioning them, seems to indicate their fierce warlike qualities. [3] The Greeks mentioned them as Lambagae. Lassen has identified their habitat as the region of Lambagae, south of Hindu Kush near modern Lamghan. Abhidhana Chintamani of Hema Chandra Says, “ Lampakastu Murundah Syuh” showing that they were considered Sakas. Murunda is a Saka/Scythian title, meaning Chief/ Head.
During the invasions of Alexander the Great, the Laghman area of Afghanistan was known as Lampaka (लम्पक).[4]
Tej Ram Sharma[5] writes that In the Abhidhana Chintamani and the Vaijayanti the Limpakas are identified with Murundas. The Lampakas are the same as the Lambatai of Ptolemy. The Puranas, mention Lampakas, the people who were residing in Lampaka, the modern Laghman in Afghanistan. Rajasekhara seems to be referring to Lampaka as Limpaka.
Bhim Singh Dahiya [6] mentions Lampakas with the Attris referring to Markandeya Purana 57/39. These Attris are separate from Brahmans of this designation, as the Mahabharata (Bhisma Parva, 10/67) says they were Mlecchas.
In the seventh century, the Chinese pilgrim Xuan Zang visited Laghman, which he called Lanpo and considered part of India. The Sindhi and Rajasthani language nouns have words ending with O. So the Lanpo/Lampo of Xuan Zang becomes Lampa or Lamba in Hindi.
Visit of Laghman by Xuanzang in 630 & 644 AD
Alexander Cunningham[15] writes thatThe district of Lan-po, or Lamghan, is noted by Hwen Thsang as being 600 li, or just 100 miles, to the east of Kapisene. He describes the road as a succession of hills and valleys, some of the hills being of great height. This description agrees with all the recent accounts of the route along the northern bank of the river from Opian to Lamghan. The bearing and distance also coincide so exactly with the position of Lamghan that there can be no doubt of the identity of
[p.43]: the two districts. Ptolemy, also, places a people called Lambatae in the very same position. From a comparison of this term with the modern appellation of Lamghan, it seems probable that the original form of the name was the Sanskrit Lampaka. I would, therefore, correct Ptolemy's Lambatae to Lambagae, by the slight change of Γ for T. The modern name is only an abbreviation of Lampaka, formed by the elision of the labial. It is also called Laghman by the simple transposition of the middle consonants, which is a common practice in the East. The credulous Muhammadans derive the name from the patriarch Lamech, whose tomb they affirm still exists in Lamghan. It is noticed by Baber and by Abul Fazl.
The district is described by Hwen Thsang as being only 1000 li, or 166 miles, in circuit, with snowy mountains on the north, and black hills on the other three sides. Prom this account it is clear that Lan-po corresponds exactly with the present Lamghan, which is only a small tract of country, lying along the northern bank of the Kabul river, bounded on the west and east by the Alingar and Kunar rivers, and on the north by the snowy mountains. This small tract is very nearly a square of 40 miles on each side, or 160 miles in circuit. It had formerly been a separate kingdom ; but in the seventh century the royal family was extinct, and the district was a dependency of Kapisene.
References -
1.Jats the Ancient Rulers (A clan study)/Jat Clan in India,p. 262
2. Chapter LVII
3.119-MBT, Drona Parva, 121 / 42-43
4.The Aramaic Inscription of Asoka Found in Lampāka by W. B. Henning
5.Personal and geographical names in the Gupta inscriptions/Tribes,p.154
6.Jats the Ancient Rulers (A clan study)/Jat Clan in India, p.245
Note - You may read in details at - http://www.jatland.com/home/Lamba
Lamba (लांबा) Lamanshi (लामवंशी) Lamba (लाम्बा) Lamba (लम्बा) Lava (लावा) Lanva (लांवा) Lamva (लाम्वा) Lampaka (लम्पक) is gotra of Jats found in Rajasthan, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh and Haryana. This clan is very old and is found among the Rajputs, Jats, Marathas and Khatris. Dilip Singh Ahlawat has mentioned it as one of the ruling Jat clans in Central Asia. [Jat History Dalip Singh Ahlawat/Chapter IV, p.342]
History
There is reference to King Brihadbala of the Lava dynasty in Drona Parva of the Mahabharata. This dynasty is from Maharaja Rama Chandra's son Lava.
B S Dahiya[1] writes: They are also called Lampakas or Lampas in the Indian Literature, Although Garuda Purana mentions them as Lamba. Markandeya Purana mentions them with the Kuserus, Chulikas, etc., as people of the north. [2] The Matsya Purana too, mentions them. The Mahabharata while mentioning them, seems to indicate their fierce warlike qualities. [3] The Greeks mentioned them as Lambagae. Lassen has identified their habitat as the region of Lambagae, south of Hindu Kush near modern Lamghan. Abhidhana Chintamani of Hema Chandra Says, “ Lampakastu Murundah Syuh” showing that they were considered Sakas. Murunda is a Saka/Scythian title, meaning Chief/ Head.
During the invasions of Alexander the Great, the Laghman area of Afghanistan was known as Lampaka (लम्पक).[4]
Tej Ram Sharma[5] writes that In the Abhidhana Chintamani and the Vaijayanti the Limpakas are identified with Murundas. The Lampakas are the same as the Lambatai of Ptolemy. The Puranas, mention Lampakas, the people who were residing in Lampaka, the modern Laghman in Afghanistan. Rajasekhara seems to be referring to Lampaka as Limpaka.
Bhim Singh Dahiya [6] mentions Lampakas with the Attris referring to Markandeya Purana 57/39. These Attris are separate from Brahmans of this designation, as the Mahabharata (Bhisma Parva, 10/67) says they were Mlecchas.
In the seventh century, the Chinese pilgrim Xuan Zang visited Laghman, which he called Lanpo and considered part of India. The Sindhi and Rajasthani language nouns have words ending with O. So the Lanpo/Lampo of Xuan Zang becomes Lampa or Lamba in Hindi.
Visit of Laghman by Xuanzang in 630 & 644 AD
Alexander Cunningham[15] writes thatThe district of Lan-po, or Lamghan, is noted by Hwen Thsang as being 600 li, or just 100 miles, to the east of Kapisene. He describes the road as a succession of hills and valleys, some of the hills being of great height. This description agrees with all the recent accounts of the route along the northern bank of the river from Opian to Lamghan. The bearing and distance also coincide so exactly with the position of Lamghan that there can be no doubt of the identity of
[p.43]: the two districts. Ptolemy, also, places a people called Lambatae in the very same position. From a comparison of this term with the modern appellation of Lamghan, it seems probable that the original form of the name was the Sanskrit Lampaka. I would, therefore, correct Ptolemy's Lambatae to Lambagae, by the slight change of Γ for T. The modern name is only an abbreviation of Lampaka, formed by the elision of the labial. It is also called Laghman by the simple transposition of the middle consonants, which is a common practice in the East. The credulous Muhammadans derive the name from the patriarch Lamech, whose tomb they affirm still exists in Lamghan. It is noticed by Baber and by Abul Fazl.
The district is described by Hwen Thsang as being only 1000 li, or 166 miles, in circuit, with snowy mountains on the north, and black hills on the other three sides. Prom this account it is clear that Lan-po corresponds exactly with the present Lamghan, which is only a small tract of country, lying along the northern bank of the Kabul river, bounded on the west and east by the Alingar and Kunar rivers, and on the north by the snowy mountains. This small tract is very nearly a square of 40 miles on each side, or 160 miles in circuit. It had formerly been a separate kingdom ; but in the seventh century the royal family was extinct, and the district was a dependency of Kapisene.
References -
1.Jats the Ancient Rulers (A clan study)/Jat Clan in India,p. 262
2. Chapter LVII
3.119-MBT, Drona Parva, 121 / 42-43
4.The Aramaic Inscription of Asoka Found in Lampāka by W. B. Henning
5.Personal and geographical names in the Gupta inscriptions/Tribes,p.154
6.Jats the Ancient Rulers (A clan study)/Jat Clan in India, p.245
Note - You may read in details at - http://www.jatland.com/home/Lamba
Visit of Punia and Rohela kingdoms by Fa-Hien in 404 AD
The Chinese traveller Fa-Hien reached Mathura after crossing Sindhu River through the following route: Udyana (present Swat) → Kandahar → Taxila → Purushpur → Hilda → Kigdom of Lo-e → Kingdom of Poh-na → Bhida (Punjab) → Mathura
The text of Fa-Hien's account of his journey through Punjab is described by him in Chapter - 14 of the book by James Legge.[A Record of Buddhistic Kingdoms/Chapter 14], who writes that Having stayed there till the third month of winter, Fa-hien and the two others,[1] proceeding southwards, crossed the Little Snowy mountains.[2] On them the snow lies accumulated both winter and summer. On the north (side) of the mountains, in the shade, they suddenly encountered a cold wind which made them shiver and become unable to speak. Hwuy-king could not go any farther. A white froth came from his mouth, and he said to Fa-hien, “I cannot live any longer. Do you immediately go away, that we do not all die here;” and with these words he died.[3] Fa-hien stroked the corpse, and cried out piteously, “Our original plan has failed; — it is fate.[4] What can we do?” He then again exerted himself, and they succeeded in crossing to the south of the range, and arrived in the kingdom of Lo-e,[5] where there were nearly three thousand monks, students of both the mahayana and hinayana. Here they stayed for the summer retreat,[6] and when that was over, they went on to the south, and ten days’ journey brought them to the kingdom of Poh-na,[7] where there are also more than three thousand monks, all students of the hinayana. Proceeding from this place for three days, they again crossed the Indus, where the country on each side was low and level.[8]
1 These must have been Tao-ching and Hwuy-king.
2 Probably the Safeid Koh, and on the way to the Kohat pass.
3 All the texts have Kwuy-king. See chapter xii, note 13.
4 A very natural exclamation, but out of place and inconsistent from the lips of Fa-hien. The Chinese character {.}, which he employed, may be rendered rightly by “fate” or “destiny;” but the fate is not unintelligent. The term implies a factor, or fa-tor, and supposes the ordination of Heaven or God. A Confucian idea for the moment overcame his Buddhism.
5 Lo-e, or Rohi, is a name for Afghanistan; but only a portion of it can be here intended.
6 We are now therefore in 404.
7 No doubt the present district of Bannu, in the Lieutenant-Governorship of the Punjab, between 32d 10s and 33d 15s N. lat., and 70d 26s and 72d E. lon. See Hunter’s Gazetteer of India, i, p. 393.
8 They had then crossed the Indus before. They had done so, indeed, twice; first, from north to south, at Skardo or east of it; and second, as described in chapter vii.
Conclusions
1. James Legge has commented at footnote – 5 that Fa-Hien crossed through the Kingdom of Lo-e that means `Rohi'. In Rajasthan Rohi means land. Fa-Hien had moved through the Land of Ponya or Punia. Here James Legge could not properly understand about the Kingdom of Lo-e. Dr Natthan Singh has mentioned in Jat Itihasa (page 113) about the existence of Rohe tribe in Afghanistan, the descendants of whom are Rohela or Ruhela Jats found in Rajasthan. Here it is interesting to note that in Afghanistan O and U are interchangeable. Similarly L and R are also interchangeable. Thus what Fa-Hien mentions as Kingdom of Lo-e is the Kingdom of Ruhela Jats in Afghanistan.
2.He has interpreted Poh-na in footnote-7 as Bannu in Punjab. In fact it is used for Ponya.
3. This period was 404 AD.
4. This period pertains to the rule of Punia Jats in Punjab, Haryana and part of Rajasthan. This has been mentioned by Thakur Deshraj (page 617) that the capital of Punias was at Jhasal near border of Hisar district.
5. Ram Swarup Joon [History of the Jats/Chapter V, p.97] has also mentioned about Punia clan – "They are found in Bikaner, Luharu and district Hissar in large numbers. They had their capital in Bikaner. The Ponya king drove out the Dahiya rulers of Jodhpur region. They have about 100 villages in Rajgarh region. They are still found in large numbers in Deraghazi Khan and Bannu and they're all of who are followers of Islam. They have 100 villages in Tehsil in Dadri and about 10 in Aligarh. A few of them inhabit Rohtak also."
6. James Legge did not have idea about Punia clan, but Fa-Hien had clearly written it as Kingdom of Poh-na which means The Kingdom of Ponya or Punias. The Ruhela and Punia kigdoms were in neighbourhood at that time.
7. Y and J are interchangeable. `Punjab' can be written as `Punyab'. Punyab=Punya+ab means the land of Punya.
8. Punya as tribe has been mentioned in Rigveda also in Punjab. Punjab must derive its name from Punya, which later was interpreted as land of five rivers.
References
The Chinese traveller Fa-Hien reached Mathura after crossing Sindhu River through the following route: Udyana (present Swat) → Kandahar → Taxila → Purushpur → Hilda → Kigdom of Lo-e → Kingdom of Poh-na → Bhida (Punjab) → Mathura
The text of Fa-Hien's account of his journey through Punjab is described by him in Chapter - 14 of the book by James Legge.[A Record of Buddhistic Kingdoms/Chapter 14], who writes that Having stayed there till the third month of winter, Fa-hien and the two others,[1] proceeding southwards, crossed the Little Snowy mountains.[2] On them the snow lies accumulated both winter and summer. On the north (side) of the mountains, in the shade, they suddenly encountered a cold wind which made them shiver and become unable to speak. Hwuy-king could not go any farther. A white froth came from his mouth, and he said to Fa-hien, “I cannot live any longer. Do you immediately go away, that we do not all die here;” and with these words he died.[3] Fa-hien stroked the corpse, and cried out piteously, “Our original plan has failed; — it is fate.[4] What can we do?” He then again exerted himself, and they succeeded in crossing to the south of the range, and arrived in the kingdom of Lo-e,[5] where there were nearly three thousand monks, students of both the mahayana and hinayana. Here they stayed for the summer retreat,[6] and when that was over, they went on to the south, and ten days’ journey brought them to the kingdom of Poh-na,[7] where there are also more than three thousand monks, all students of the hinayana. Proceeding from this place for three days, they again crossed the Indus, where the country on each side was low and level.[8]
1 These must have been Tao-ching and Hwuy-king.
2 Probably the Safeid Koh, and on the way to the Kohat pass.
3 All the texts have Kwuy-king. See chapter xii, note 13.
4 A very natural exclamation, but out of place and inconsistent from the lips of Fa-hien. The Chinese character {.}, which he employed, may be rendered rightly by “fate” or “destiny;” but the fate is not unintelligent. The term implies a factor, or fa-tor, and supposes the ordination of Heaven or God. A Confucian idea for the moment overcame his Buddhism.
5 Lo-e, or Rohi, is a name for Afghanistan; but only a portion of it can be here intended.
6 We are now therefore in 404.
7 No doubt the present district of Bannu, in the Lieutenant-Governorship of the Punjab, between 32d 10s and 33d 15s N. lat., and 70d 26s and 72d E. lon. See Hunter’s Gazetteer of India, i, p. 393.
8 They had then crossed the Indus before. They had done so, indeed, twice; first, from north to south, at Skardo or east of it; and second, as described in chapter vii.
Conclusions
1. James Legge has commented at footnote – 5 that Fa-Hien crossed through the Kingdom of Lo-e that means `Rohi'. In Rajasthan Rohi means land. Fa-Hien had moved through the Land of Ponya or Punia. Here James Legge could not properly understand about the Kingdom of Lo-e. Dr Natthan Singh has mentioned in Jat Itihasa (page 113) about the existence of Rohe tribe in Afghanistan, the descendants of whom are Rohela or Ruhela Jats found in Rajasthan. Here it is interesting to note that in Afghanistan O and U are interchangeable. Similarly L and R are also interchangeable. Thus what Fa-Hien mentions as Kingdom of Lo-e is the Kingdom of Ruhela Jats in Afghanistan.
2.He has interpreted Poh-na in footnote-7 as Bannu in Punjab. In fact it is used for Ponya.
3. This period was 404 AD.
4. This period pertains to the rule of Punia Jats in Punjab, Haryana and part of Rajasthan. This has been mentioned by Thakur Deshraj (page 617) that the capital of Punias was at Jhasal near border of Hisar district.
5. Ram Swarup Joon [History of the Jats/Chapter V, p.97] has also mentioned about Punia clan – "They are found in Bikaner, Luharu and district Hissar in large numbers. They had their capital in Bikaner. The Ponya king drove out the Dahiya rulers of Jodhpur region. They have about 100 villages in Rajgarh region. They are still found in large numbers in Deraghazi Khan and Bannu and they're all of who are followers of Islam. They have 100 villages in Tehsil in Dadri and about 10 in Aligarh. A few of them inhabit Rohtak also."
6. James Legge did not have idea about Punia clan, but Fa-Hien had clearly written it as Kingdom of Poh-na which means The Kingdom of Ponya or Punias. The Ruhela and Punia kigdoms were in neighbourhood at that time.
7. Y and J are interchangeable. `Punjab' can be written as `Punyab'. Punyab=Punya+ab means the land of Punya.
8. Punya as tribe has been mentioned in Rigveda also in Punjab. Punjab must derive its name from Punya, which later was interpreted as land of five rivers.
References
Thanks Laxman Ji for providing such a nice article . Lakra have 2 villages in Delhi ... Mundka and Ranhola.
Krishan Lakra
Krishan Lakra
History of Lakara clan
Lakada (लाकड़ा) Lakara/ Lakra (लाकड़ा) Lakda (लाकड़ा) Lakre (लाकड़े) is gotra of Jats found in Haryana. They are considered to be a branch of Chauhans.
Visit of Langala by Xuanzang in 641 AD
Alexander Cunningham[1] writes that These districts are described by Hwen Thsang under the general name of Lang-kie-lo, which M. Julien renders by Langala. M. de St. Martin, however, refers it to the tribe of Langa, but it is extremely doubtful whether this is an ancient name, The other name of Langalas, quoted from the Vishnu Purana, is only a variant reading of Jangalas, which is almost certainly the correct form, as it is immediately followed by Kuru-Jangalas. Hwen Thsang fixes the capital of Lang-kie-lo at 2000 li, or 333 miles, to the west of Kotesar in Kachh. But as this bearing would place it in the middle of the Indian Ocean, the
[p.311]: true direction must be north-west. Now this latter bearing and distance correspond with the position of the great ruined city of Lakorian, which Masson[2] found between Khozdar and Kilat. In older maps the name is written simply Lakura, which appears to me to be very fairly represented by the Chinese Lang-kie-lo, or Lankara. [3] Masson describes the ruined fortifications as " remarkable for their magnitude, as well as for the solidity and the skill evident in their construction." From the size and importance of these ruins, I conclude that they are the remains of a large city, which has at some former period been the capital of the country. The Chinese pilgrim describes the province as being many thousands of li in breadth as well as in length. It is clear, therefore, that it corresponded, as nearly as possible, with the modern district of Biluchistan, of which the present capital, Kilat, is only 60 miles to the north of Lakura. In the seventh century, the capital was called Su-neu-li-shi-fa-lo, and was 30 li, or 5 miles, in circuit. The Chinese syllables are rendered by M. Julien as Sunuriswara, of which he offers no translation. But as Hwen Thsang describes a magnificent temple of Siva in the middle of the city, I infer that the Chinese transcript may be intended for Sambhuriswara, which is a well-known title of Siva as the "lord of divine beings," or the " god of gods." By assuming that this name belongs properly to the temple, the other name of Lang-kie-lo, or Lakara, may be applied to the capital as well as to the province.
BS Dahiya writes that The Lāngala tribe is mentioned in Mahabharata after Kachchhas along with Pangal (Pakhalla), Sindhu (Sindhu), Kachela etc - कच्छा गॊपाल कच्छाश च लाङ्गलाः परवल्लकाः किराता बर्बराः सिद्धा विदेहास ताम्रलिङ्गकाः Mahabharata (VI.10.55) [4]
From the above description of Alexander Cunningham and Mahabharata we can think of Langala to be same as Lakara. Thus we find origin of Lakaras in Baluchistan and rightly classed in Chauhans when they crossed Sindh and joined Hindus.
References -
1. The Ancient Geography of India/Western India,pp.310-311
2. ' Kilat,' p. 63 ; and ' Biluchistan,' ii. 46.
3. The same Chinese character, lang, is found in the transcript of Baghalan, where the vowel of the final syllable is long.
4. BS Dahiya: Jats the Ancient Rulers (A clan study)/Appendices/Appendix III,p.338,s.n. 19
Jat clan originated from Kaundinya
Kindly go through
A Record of Buddhistic Kingdoms/Chapter 34: On the Way Back to Patna. Varanasi, or Benares. Sakyamuni’s First Doings After Becoming Buddha.
Fa-hien returned (from here) towards Pataliputtra, keeping along the course of the Ganges and descending in the direction of the west. After going ten yojanas he found a vihara, named “The Wilderness,”— a place where Buddha had dwelt, and where there are monks now.
Pursuing the same course, and going still to the west, he arrived, after twelve yojanas, at the city of Varanasi in the kingdom of Kasi. Rather more than ten le to the north-east of the city, he found the vihara in the park of “The rishi’s Deer-wild.” In this park there formerly resided a Pratyeka Buddha, with whom the deer were regularly in the habit of stopping for the night. When the World-honoured one was about to attain to perfect Wisdom, the devas sang in the sky, “The son of king Suddhodana, having quitted his family and studied the Path (of Wisdom), will now in seven days become Buddha.” The Pratyeka Buddha heard their words, and immediately attained to nirvana; and hence this place was named “The Park of the rishi’s Deer-wild.” After the World-honoured one had attained to perfect Wisdom, men build the vihara in it.
Buddha wished to convert Kaundinya and his four companions; but they, (being aware of his intention), said to one another, “This Sramana Gotama for six years continued in the practice of painful austerities, eating daily (only) a single hemp-seed, and one grain of rice, without attaining to the Path (of Wisdom); how much less will he do so now that he has entered (again) among men, and is giving the reins to (the indulgence of) his body, his speech, and his thoughts! What has he to do with the Path (of Wisdom)? To-day, when he comes to us, let us be on our guard not to speak with him.” At the places where the five men all rose up, and respectfully saluted (Buddha), when he came to them; where, sixty paces north from this, he sat with his face to the east, and first turned the wheel of the Law, converting Kaundinya and the four others; where, twenty paces further to the north, he delivered his prophecy concerning Maitreya; and where, at a distance of fifty paces to the south, the dragon Elapattra asked him, “When shall I get free from this naga body?”— at all these places topes were reared, and are still existing. In (the park) there are two monasteries, in both of which there are monks residing.
When you go north-west from the vihara of the Deer-wild park for thirteen yojanas, there is a kingdom named Kausambi. Its vihara is named Ghochiravana — a place where Buddha formerly resided. Now, as of old, there is a company of monks there, most of whom are students of the hinayana.
East from (this), when you have travelled eight yojanas, is the place where Buddha converted the evil demon. There, and where he walked (in meditation) and sat at the place which was his regular abode, there have been topes erected. There is also a monastery, which may contain more than a hundred monks.
Points of Discussion
The text above shows that Buddha converted Kaundinya to Buddhism and the Naga Elapatra also who are contemporary of Buddha. This way the Nagavanshi Jats gets converted to Buddhism faith.
Shalya Parva, Mahabharata/Book IX Chapter 44 tells us about the ceremony for investing Kartikeya with the status of generalissimo (सेनागणाध्यक्ष), the diverse gods, various clans who joined it. See http://www.jatland.com/home/Shalya_Parva,_Mahabharata/Book_IX_Chapter_44
This list includes about 330 Combatants who attended this ceremony. Most of these are Nagavanshis and Jat clans.
Shloka 51- 71: Names of the combatants
51 शृणु नामानि चान्येषां ये ऽनये सकन्दस्य सैनिकाः
विविधायुधसंपन्नाश चित्राभरण वर्मिणः
52 शङ्कुकर्णॊ निकुम्भश च पद्मः कुमुद एव च
अनन्तॊ द्वादश भुजस तदा कृष्णॊपकृष्णकौ
53 द्रॊण शरवाः कपिस्कन्धः काञ्चनाक्षॊ जलं धमः
अक्षसंतर्जनॊ राजन कुनदीकस तमॊ ऽभरकृत
54 एकाक्षॊ द्वादशाक्षश च तदैवैक जटः परभुः
सहस्रबाहुर विकटॊ वयाघ्राक्षः क्षितिकम्पनः
55 पुण्यनामा सुनामा च सुवक्त्रः परियदर्शनः
परिश्रुतः कॊक नदः प्रिय माल्यानुलेपनः
56 अजॊदरॊ गजशिराः सकन्धाक्षः शतलॊचनः
जवालाजिह्वः करालश च सितकेशॊ जटी हरिः
57 चतुर्थंष्ट्रॊ ऽषट जिह्वश च मेघनाद: पृथुश्रवाः
विथ्युथ अक्षॊ धनुर वक्त्रॊ जठरॊ मारुताशनः
58 उदराक्षॊ झषाक्षश च वज्रनाभॊ वसुपरभः
समुद्रवेगॊ राजेन्थ्र शैलकम्पी तदैव च
59 पुत्र मेषः परवाहश च तदा नन्दॊपनन्दकौ
धूम्रः शवेतः कलिङ्गश च सिद्धार्थो वरदस तदा
60 परियकश चैव नन्दश च गॊनन्दश च परतापवान
आनन्दश च परमॊदश च सवस्तिकॊ धरुवकस तदा
61 कषेमवापः सुजातश च सिद्धयात्रश च भारत
गॊव्रजः कनकापीडॊ महापारिषदेश्वरः
62 गायनॊ हसनश चैव बाणः खड्गश च वीर्यवान
वैताली चातिताली च तदा कतिक वातिकौ
63 हंसजः पङ्कदिग्धाङ्गः समुद्रॊन्मादनश च ह
|रणॊत्कटः प्रहास च शवेतशीर्षश च नन्दकः
64 कालकण्ठः परभासश च तदा कुम्भाण्डकॊ ऽपरः
कालकाक्षः सितश चैव भूतलॊन्मदनस तदा
65 यज्ञवाहः परवाहश च देव याजी च सॊमपः
सजालश च महातेजाः क्रथ करादौ च भारत
66 तुहनश च तुहानश च चित्रदेवश च वीर्यवान
मधुरः सुप्रसादश च किरीटी च महाबलः
67 वसवॊ मधुवर्णश च कलशॊदर एव च
धमन्तॊ मन्मदकरः सूचीवक्त्रश च वीर्यवान
68 शवेतवक्त्रः सुवक्त्रश च चारु वक्त्रश च पाण्डुरः
दण्डबाहुः सुबाहुश च रजः कॊकिलकस तदा
69 अचलः कनकाक्षश च बालानाम अयिकः परभुः
संचारकः कॊक नदॊ गृध्रवक्त्रश च जम्बुकः
70 लॊहाश वक्त्रॊ जठरः कुम्भवक्त्रश च कुण्डकः
मद्गुग्रीवश च कृष्णौजा हंसवक्त्रश च चन्द्र भाः
71 पाणिकूर्मा च शम्बूकः पञ्चवक्त्रश च शिक्षकः
चाष वक्त्रश च जम्बूकः शाकवक्त्रश च कुण्डकः
Jat Gotras from Kondinya
Kamedia (कमेडिया) Kamediya (कमेड़िया) Kameria (कमेड़िया) Kamedia (कमेड़िया) gotra Jats are found in western Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh are descendants of rishi Kondilya (कोंडिल्य) or Kondinya (कोंडिन्य). [Dr Mahendra Singh Arya, Dharmpal Singh Dudee, Kishan Singh Faujdar & Vijendra Singh Narwar: Ādhunik Jat Itihas (The modern history of Jats), Agra 1998, p. 231 ]
Kadiyan Kadian or Kadyan (काद् यान ,कादयान)
Kundu (कुण्डू)
It means as per description of Fahian in period about 400 AD all descendents of Kaundinya Rishi were in Buddhism.
Shalya Parva, Mahabharata/Book IX Chapter 44 shloka 54 included Jat as well in addition to other Jat clans.
Kindly go through
A Record of Buddhistic Kingdoms/Chapter 34: On the Way Back to Patna. Varanasi, or Benares. Sakyamuni’s First Doings After Becoming Buddha.
Fa-hien returned (from here) towards Pataliputtra, keeping along the course of the Ganges and descending in the direction of the west. After going ten yojanas he found a vihara, named “The Wilderness,”— a place where Buddha had dwelt, and where there are monks now.
Pursuing the same course, and going still to the west, he arrived, after twelve yojanas, at the city of Varanasi in the kingdom of Kasi. Rather more than ten le to the north-east of the city, he found the vihara in the park of “The rishi’s Deer-wild.” In this park there formerly resided a Pratyeka Buddha, with whom the deer were regularly in the habit of stopping for the night. When the World-honoured one was about to attain to perfect Wisdom, the devas sang in the sky, “The son of king Suddhodana, having quitted his family and studied the Path (of Wisdom), will now in seven days become Buddha.” The Pratyeka Buddha heard their words, and immediately attained to nirvana; and hence this place was named “The Park of the rishi’s Deer-wild.” After the World-honoured one had attained to perfect Wisdom, men build the vihara in it.
Buddha wished to convert Kaundinya and his four companions; but they, (being aware of his intention), said to one another, “This Sramana Gotama for six years continued in the practice of painful austerities, eating daily (only) a single hemp-seed, and one grain of rice, without attaining to the Path (of Wisdom); how much less will he do so now that he has entered (again) among men, and is giving the reins to (the indulgence of) his body, his speech, and his thoughts! What has he to do with the Path (of Wisdom)? To-day, when he comes to us, let us be on our guard not to speak with him.” At the places where the five men all rose up, and respectfully saluted (Buddha), when he came to them; where, sixty paces north from this, he sat with his face to the east, and first turned the wheel of the Law, converting Kaundinya and the four others; where, twenty paces further to the north, he delivered his prophecy concerning Maitreya; and where, at a distance of fifty paces to the south, the dragon Elapattra asked him, “When shall I get free from this naga body?”— at all these places topes were reared, and are still existing. In (the park) there are two monasteries, in both of which there are monks residing.
When you go north-west from the vihara of the Deer-wild park for thirteen yojanas, there is a kingdom named Kausambi. Its vihara is named Ghochiravana — a place where Buddha formerly resided. Now, as of old, there is a company of monks there, most of whom are students of the hinayana.
East from (this), when you have travelled eight yojanas, is the place where Buddha converted the evil demon. There, and where he walked (in meditation) and sat at the place which was his regular abode, there have been topes erected. There is also a monastery, which may contain more than a hundred monks.
Points of Discussion
The text above shows that Buddha converted Kaundinya to Buddhism and the Naga Elapatra also who are contemporary of Buddha. This way the Nagavanshi Jats gets converted to Buddhism faith.
Shalya Parva, Mahabharata/Book IX Chapter 44 tells us about the ceremony for investing Kartikeya with the status of generalissimo (सेनागणाध्यक्ष), the diverse gods, various clans who joined it. See http://www.jatland.com/home/Shalya_Parva,_Mahabharata/Book_IX_Chapter_44
This list includes about 330 Combatants who attended this ceremony. Most of these are Nagavanshis and Jat clans.
Shloka 51- 71: Names of the combatants
51 शृणु नामानि चान्येषां ये ऽनये सकन्दस्य सैनिकाः
विविधायुधसंपन्नाश चित्राभरण वर्मिणः
52 शङ्कुकर्णॊ निकुम्भश च पद्मः कुमुद एव च
अनन्तॊ द्वादश भुजस तदा कृष्णॊपकृष्णकौ
53 द्रॊण शरवाः कपिस्कन्धः काञ्चनाक्षॊ जलं धमः
अक्षसंतर्जनॊ राजन कुनदीकस तमॊ ऽभरकृत
54 एकाक्षॊ द्वादशाक्षश च तदैवैक जटः परभुः
सहस्रबाहुर विकटॊ वयाघ्राक्षः क्षितिकम्पनः
55 पुण्यनामा सुनामा च सुवक्त्रः परियदर्शनः
परिश्रुतः कॊक नदः प्रिय माल्यानुलेपनः
56 अजॊदरॊ गजशिराः सकन्धाक्षः शतलॊचनः
जवालाजिह्वः करालश च सितकेशॊ जटी हरिः
57 चतुर्थंष्ट्रॊ ऽषट जिह्वश च मेघनाद: पृथुश्रवाः
विथ्युथ अक्षॊ धनुर वक्त्रॊ जठरॊ मारुताशनः
58 उदराक्षॊ झषाक्षश च वज्रनाभॊ वसुपरभः
समुद्रवेगॊ राजेन्थ्र शैलकम्पी तदैव च
59 पुत्र मेषः परवाहश च तदा नन्दॊपनन्दकौ
धूम्रः शवेतः कलिङ्गश च सिद्धार्थो वरदस तदा
60 परियकश चैव नन्दश च गॊनन्दश च परतापवान
आनन्दश च परमॊदश च सवस्तिकॊ धरुवकस तदा
61 कषेमवापः सुजातश च सिद्धयात्रश च भारत
गॊव्रजः कनकापीडॊ महापारिषदेश्वरः
62 गायनॊ हसनश चैव बाणः खड्गश च वीर्यवान
वैताली चातिताली च तदा कतिक वातिकौ
63 हंसजः पङ्कदिग्धाङ्गः समुद्रॊन्मादनश च ह
|रणॊत्कटः प्रहास च शवेतशीर्षश च नन्दकः
64 कालकण्ठः परभासश च तदा कुम्भाण्डकॊ ऽपरः
कालकाक्षः सितश चैव भूतलॊन्मदनस तदा
65 यज्ञवाहः परवाहश च देव याजी च सॊमपः
सजालश च महातेजाः क्रथ करादौ च भारत
66 तुहनश च तुहानश च चित्रदेवश च वीर्यवान
मधुरः सुप्रसादश च किरीटी च महाबलः
67 वसवॊ मधुवर्णश च कलशॊदर एव च
धमन्तॊ मन्मदकरः सूचीवक्त्रश च वीर्यवान
68 शवेतवक्त्रः सुवक्त्रश च चारु वक्त्रश च पाण्डुरः
दण्डबाहुः सुबाहुश च रजः कॊकिलकस तदा
69 अचलः कनकाक्षश च बालानाम अयिकः परभुः
संचारकः कॊक नदॊ गृध्रवक्त्रश च जम्बुकः
70 लॊहाश वक्त्रॊ जठरः कुम्भवक्त्रश च कुण्डकः
मद्गुग्रीवश च कृष्णौजा हंसवक्त्रश च चन्द्र भाः
71 पाणिकूर्मा च शम्बूकः पञ्चवक्त्रश च शिक्षकः
चाष वक्त्रश च जम्बूकः शाकवक्त्रश च कुण्डकः
Jat Gotras from Kondinya
Kamedia (कमेडिया) Kamediya (कमेड़िया) Kameria (कमेड़िया) Kamedia (कमेड़िया) gotra Jats are found in western Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh are descendants of rishi Kondilya (कोंडिल्य) or Kondinya (कोंडिन्य). [Dr Mahendra Singh Arya, Dharmpal Singh Dudee, Kishan Singh Faujdar & Vijendra Singh Narwar: Ādhunik Jat Itihas (The modern history of Jats), Agra 1998, p. 231 ]
Kadiyan Kadian or Kadyan (काद् यान ,कादयान)
Kundu (कुण्डू)
It means as per description of Fahian in period about 400 AD all descendents of Kaundinya Rishi were in Buddhism.
Shalya Parva, Mahabharata/Book IX Chapter 44 shloka 54 included Jat as well in addition to other Jat clans.
Origin of Changal clan
Changal (चांगल) Chagal (चगल) Chagalaka (चगलक) Chagalaga (चगलग) is Gotra of Jats. Changal (चांगल) gotra Jats are found in Rajasthan, Punjab and Madhya Pradesh. Changal named village is in Sangrur tahsil of Sangrur district in Punjab. Changal is found in Afghanistan. Changala (चांगला) Jat clan is found in Multan.
James Legge[1] writes that Fa-hien had been living in Ch’ang-gan. Ch’ang-gan is still the name of the principal district (and its city) in the department of Se-gan, Shen-se. It had been the capital of the first empire of Han dynasty (B.C. 202-A.D. 24), as it subsequently was that of Suy dynasty (A.D. 589-618). The empire of the eastern Tsin, towards the close of which Fa-hien lived, had its capital at or near Nan-king, and Ch’ang-gan was the capital of the principal of the three Ts’in kingdoms, which, with many other minor ones, maintained a semi-independence of Tsin, their rulers sometimes even assuming the title of emperor.
This indicates that The Changal clan may probably get name after Chang'an, , the ancient place in China.
Reference -1. A Record of Buddhistic Kingdoms/Chapter 1,fn-1
Changal (चांगल) Chagal (चगल) Chagalaka (चगलक) Chagalaga (चगलग) is Gotra of Jats. Changal (चांगल) gotra Jats are found in Rajasthan, Punjab and Madhya Pradesh. Changal named village is in Sangrur tahsil of Sangrur district in Punjab. Changal is found in Afghanistan. Changala (चांगला) Jat clan is found in Multan.
James Legge[1] writes that Fa-hien had been living in Ch’ang-gan. Ch’ang-gan is still the name of the principal district (and its city) in the department of Se-gan, Shen-se. It had been the capital of the first empire of Han dynasty (B.C. 202-A.D. 24), as it subsequently was that of Suy dynasty (A.D. 589-618). The empire of the eastern Tsin, towards the close of which Fa-hien lived, had its capital at or near Nan-king, and Ch’ang-gan was the capital of the principal of the three Ts’in kingdoms, which, with many other minor ones, maintained a semi-independence of Tsin, their rulers sometimes even assuming the title of emperor.
This indicates that The Changal clan may probably get name after Chang'an, , the ancient place in China.
Reference -1. A Record of Buddhistic Kingdoms/Chapter 1,fn-1
Uti or Yuti Jat clan
Thakur Deshraj writes that James Todd obtained a Pali inscription about Jat tribe at village Ramchandrapura 3 kos (6 miles) east of Bundi state, which he sent to Asiatic Society London. The inscription reveals that there was a king Thot born in Uti vansha. His son was Raja Chandrasain, a powerful and beloved of his subject. The son of Chandrasain was Kartika, renowned for his prowess. His wife was Gunaniwas, who gave birth to two sons Mukunda and Daruka. Daruka produced son named Kuhal. Kuhal produced son named Dhunak, who achieved great works. He had war with Hill Meenas tribes and defeated and destroyed them. He along with his brother Dok worshipped gods and brahmanas. They founded a Sun-temple for the pleasure of his beloved wife. The temple will stand till the sumer suvarna mountain stands on the sand. Kuhal had founded this temple and a Maheshwar temple in east. The popularity of this was spread by Achal, son of Mahabali Maharaja Yashovarma. [1]
We are searching which is Uti clan ?
Fahian has mentioned a Kingdom named Yu-teen in two chapters:
A Record of Buddhistic Kingdoms/Chapter 2:
A Record of Buddhistic Kingdoms/Chapter 3:
James Legge has identified Yu-teen with Khotan.
Khotan was founded by Kustana son of Ashoka in 250 BC.[2]
Faxian visited a country called Yu-teen, which is better known as Khoten. The name in Sanskrit is Kustana. (E. H., p. 60). [3]
In ancient times the Nuhwal Jats ruled over Khotan. According to another legend they are called Nuhwals because they came from the area of Lake Nuh in Khotan Kashgar.[4]
References -
1. James Todd, Appedix 1], Thakur Deshraj, Jat Itihas, p.588-589
2. Jat History Dalip Singh Ahlawat/Chapter IV, pp. 364-365
3. A Record of Buddhistic Kingdoms/Chapter 2, f.n. 13
4. Ram Swarup Joon:History of the Jats/Chapter V, p.96
Thakur Deshraj writes that James Todd obtained a Pali inscription about Jat tribe at village Ramchandrapura 3 kos (6 miles) east of Bundi state, which he sent to Asiatic Society London. The inscription reveals that there was a king Thot born in Uti vansha. His son was Raja Chandrasain, a powerful and beloved of his subject. The son of Chandrasain was Kartika, renowned for his prowess. His wife was Gunaniwas, who gave birth to two sons Mukunda and Daruka. Daruka produced son named Kuhal. Kuhal produced son named Dhunak, who achieved great works. He had war with Hill Meenas tribes and defeated and destroyed them. He along with his brother Dok worshipped gods and brahmanas. They founded a Sun-temple for the pleasure of his beloved wife. The temple will stand till the sumer suvarna mountain stands on the sand. Kuhal had founded this temple and a Maheshwar temple in east. The popularity of this was spread by Achal, son of Mahabali Maharaja Yashovarma. [1]
We are searching which is Uti clan ?
Fahian has mentioned a Kingdom named Yu-teen in two chapters:
A Record of Buddhistic Kingdoms/Chapter 2:
A Record of Buddhistic Kingdoms/Chapter 3:
James Legge has identified Yu-teen with Khotan.
Khotan was founded by Kustana son of Ashoka in 250 BC.[2]
Faxian visited a country called Yu-teen, which is better known as Khoten. The name in Sanskrit is Kustana. (E. H., p. 60). [3]
In ancient times the Nuhwal Jats ruled over Khotan. According to another legend they are called Nuhwals because they came from the area of Lake Nuh in Khotan Kashgar.[4]
References -
1. James Todd, Appedix 1], Thakur Deshraj, Jat Itihas, p.588-589
2. Jat History Dalip Singh Ahlawat/Chapter IV, pp. 364-365
3. A Record of Buddhistic Kingdoms/Chapter 2, f.n. 13
4. Ram Swarup Joon:History of the Jats/Chapter V, p.96
History of Rad or Rarh clan
Rad (राड़) Rahar (राहड़) Rad (राड़) Rahad (राहड़) Rar (राड़) Radh/Rarh (राढ़) is gotra of Jats found in Rajasthan, Haryana, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh and Pakistan. Rod clan is found in Afghanistan.
Origin of name
Some Jat historians believe that Rad people were always ready for war hence the name as Rad (राड़) in Rajasthani Language means war. [6]
But this logic seems not convincing because all Jat clans are good warriors. There should be some other reason behind origin of this clan.
While searching the Buddhist records I found that Ganga Ridae of the Greeks was known as Rarh region to the Chinese. Let us find what Ganga Ridae or the Rarh region is?
Our search shows -
Rarh (Hindi: राढ़, Bengali: রাঢ়, Rāṛh) is a region that lies between the Chhota Nagpur Plateau on the West and the Ganges Delta on the East.
It is mainly coextensive with the state of West Bengal also comprising some portions of the state of Jharkhand and Bihar in India.[1][2][3]
The Rarh region historically has been known by many different names and has hosted numerous settlements throughout history. It is suggested that the Rarh region hosted an ancient civilisation also called Rarh and a powerful state, however much of its ancient history remains unknown.[4][5][6][7]
Etymology
The interchangeable variations Radha, Rarha, Ladha, Lara are observed in the oldest Jain book of codes Acaranga Sutra of the 6th century BC.
Some other sources use the endonyms Lala, Rara and Lada.
According to the linguist Sarkar the Chinese called Rarh as Lati, the Greek as Ganga Ridae and the Aryans as Rāṭṭha. Moreover many Greek, Roman and Egyptian sources use the variations of Gangaridai, Gangaridae, Gangaritai and Gangaridum with the sense of a state, nation or civilisation which existed more or less in the same or a larger extent of Rarh. Megasthenes, Ptolemy, Strabo, Pliny, Arrian, Diodorus Siculus, Quintus Curtius Rufus and Plutarch all wrote about Gangaridae.[8][9][10]
The etymology of the word Rarh is not clear however there are many authors suggesting that it originates from a local language of Austroasiatic family. It could have originated from any of the following words of the Santali language; lar means "thread", rarh means "tune" and larh means "snake". And according to Sarkar, the word originates from Proto-Austroasiatic *Rāŗhā or *Rāŗho which means "land of red soil" or "land of laterite".[11]
The etymology of the word Gangaridae is also not clear. According to the historian Dr. Atul Sur, Pliny and Ptolemy it means Ganga-Ridai (Rarh of the Ganges – Ganges' Rarh). However according to other scholars it might derive as Ganga-Hrd (land with Ganges in its heart), Ganga-Rashtra (State of the Ganges) or Gonda-Ridai (Land of the Gonds). Megasthenes call the people of Gangaridae as Gangarides. Diodorus Siculus describes Gangaridae as "a nation possessing the greatest number of elephants and the largest in size."[12]
History
6th century BC, Ladha is mentioned in the oldest Jain book of codes Acaranga Sutra.[13]
6th century BC, Lala is mentioned by Dipavangsha and Mahavangsha.[14] Sri Lanka was colonised by Prince Vijaya who hailed from Simhapura in Lala or Rarh region.
4th century BC, Gangaridai is mentioned by Megasthenes.[15]
3. Ganges: The Mandei (Munda/Manda), and the Malli (Malli), the Gangarides (Ghangas+Rad), the Calingae (Kalinga), the Prasii (Magadha), the Modogalingae - The tribes called Calingae (Kalinga) are nearest the sea, and higher up are the Mandei (Munda/Manda), and the Malli in whose, country is Mount Mallus, the boundary of all that district being the Ganges. [16]
Note - It is interesting to note that the clans observed by Megasthenes in this region are most of Jat clans as highlighted in brackets which are our conclusions.
1st century BC, Gangaridae is mentioned by Diodorus Siculus:
"When he (Alexander) moved forward with his forces certain men came to inform him that Porus, the king of the country, who was the nephew of that Porus whom he had defeated, had left his kingdom and fled to the nation of Gandaridae..."[17]
Note - Porus is considered to be a Jat King. He did not come alone to this region. He had fled to this region along with his other Jat clans people.
1st century AD, Gangaridae is mentioned by Quintus Curtius Rufus.
"Next came the Ganges, the largest river in all India, the farther bank of which was inhabited by two nations, the Gangaridae and the Prasii, whose King Aggrammes ..."
1st century AD, Gandaritai is mentioned by Plutarch:
"The Battle with Porus depressed the spirits of the Macedonians, and made them very unwilling to advance farther into India... This river (the Ganges), they heard, had a breadth of two and thirty stadia, and a depth of 1000 fathoms, while its farther banks were covered all over with armed men, horses and elephants. For the kings of the Gandaritai and the Prasiai were reported to be waiting for him (Alexander) with an army of 80,000 horse, 200,000-foot, 8,000 war-chariots, and 6,000 fighting elephants."[18]
1st century AD, the people of Gangarides is mentioned by Pliny the Elder:
"In the final part of its Ganges course, which is through the country of the Gangarides.... But Prasii surpass in power and glory every other people, not only in this quarter, but one may say in all India, their capital Palibothra (Pataliputra), a very large and wealthy city, after which some call the people itself the Palibothri, (He talks about Prasii during the reign of Chandragupta Maurya)... In the parts which lie southward from the Ganges the inhabitants, already swarthy, are deeply coloured by the sun, though not scorched black like the Ethiopians.[19]
Note - Chandragupta Maurya is also considered to be a Jat King by some historians.
3rd century, Gangaridai is mentioned by Dionysius Periegetes:
"Next come the wild tribes of the Peukalensians, beyond whom lie the seats of the Gangaridae, worshippers of Bacchus, ... the land here projects into the deep whirling ocean in steep precipices, over which the fowls of heaven in swift flight can hardly wing their way."[20]
From 9th till 16th century:[21]
A Jain monk of Rara is mentioned in an inscription from Mathura.
Radha's queen's imprisonment by Chandella is mentioned in the epigraphic records from Khajuraho.
Radha is mentioned as being the ancestral settlement of Senas; in the Naihati Copper plate inscription of Vallalasena.
Radha is mentioned as being a waterless, dry and woody region; in the Bhuvaneshvara inscription of Bhatta Bhavadeva.
The division of Lada into North and South is mentioned in the Tirumulai rock inscription of Rajendra Chola. (11th century)
The same division of Radha is also mentioned in the Gaonri Plates of Vakpati Munja (10th century), in Shridharacharya's Nyayakandali, in the Amareshvara Temple inscription of Mandhata (Nimar district in Madhya Pardesh), in Krsna Mishra's Prabodha-Chandrodaya and in Mukundarama's Chandimangal (16th century)
According to Acaranga Sutra Mahavira travelled in 'Ladha' in Vajjabhumi and Subbhabhumi at a time (5th century BC) when the country was lawless and the people were harsh at him. Alexander the great was supposed to have been discouraged to come to eastern India due to the power of the 'Gangaridae'.
The Bhubaneswar inscription of Bhavadeva Bhatta records that "Radha was a waterless, dry and woody region".
Rakhaldas Bandyopadhyay, the famous Bengali historian says: "During Chandragupta Maurya's rule Gangaridae was independent like the Andhra kingdom and Gangaridae was joined with Kalinga(ancient Orissa)."[22] It is interesting that the description of the armed forces of Gangaridae and Calingae during the reign of Chandragupta Maurya as given by Megasthenes are identical (both possessed army of 60,000-foot-soldiers, 1,000 horsemen and 700 elephants).
Dipavangsha and Mahavangsha state that Sri Lanka was colonised by Vijaya Simha who hailed from Simhapura in 'Lala' (Rarh) region.
James Legge [A Record of Buddhistic Kingdoms/Chapter 37,f.n. 4] writes about the travels of Fahian and writes that in 412 AD he reached the country of Singhala i.e "The Kingdom of Singhala," or Ceylon. Singhala was the name of a merchant adventurer from India, to whom the founding of the kingdom was ascribed. His father was named Singha, “the Lion,” which became the name of the country; — Singhala, or Sinhala Kingdom.
In this connection We find mention of a region called Rarh in the Sinhala history, which traditionally starts in 543 BCE with the arrival of Prince Vijaya or Singha, a semi-legendary prince who sailed with 700 followers on eight ships 860 nautical miles to Sri Lanka from the southwest coast of what is now the Rarh region that lies between the Chhota Nagpur Plateau on the West and the Ganges Delta on the East. He established the Kingdom of Tambapanni, near modern-day Mannar.
Rad (राड़) Rahar (राहड़) Rad (राड़) Rahad (राहड़) Rar (राड़) Radh/Rarh (राढ़) is gotra of Jats found in Rajasthan, Haryana, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh and Pakistan. Rod clan is found in Afghanistan.
Origin of name
Some Jat historians believe that Rad people were always ready for war hence the name as Rad (राड़) in Rajasthani Language means war. [6]
But this logic seems not convincing because all Jat clans are good warriors. There should be some other reason behind origin of this clan.
While searching the Buddhist records I found that Ganga Ridae of the Greeks was known as Rarh region to the Chinese. Let us find what Ganga Ridae or the Rarh region is?
Our search shows -
Rarh (Hindi: राढ़, Bengali: রাঢ়, Rāṛh) is a region that lies between the Chhota Nagpur Plateau on the West and the Ganges Delta on the East.
It is mainly coextensive with the state of West Bengal also comprising some portions of the state of Jharkhand and Bihar in India.[1][2][3]
The Rarh region historically has been known by many different names and has hosted numerous settlements throughout history. It is suggested that the Rarh region hosted an ancient civilisation also called Rarh and a powerful state, however much of its ancient history remains unknown.[4][5][6][7]
Etymology
The interchangeable variations Radha, Rarha, Ladha, Lara are observed in the oldest Jain book of codes Acaranga Sutra of the 6th century BC.
Some other sources use the endonyms Lala, Rara and Lada.
According to the linguist Sarkar the Chinese called Rarh as Lati, the Greek as Ganga Ridae and the Aryans as Rāṭṭha. Moreover many Greek, Roman and Egyptian sources use the variations of Gangaridai, Gangaridae, Gangaritai and Gangaridum with the sense of a state, nation or civilisation which existed more or less in the same or a larger extent of Rarh. Megasthenes, Ptolemy, Strabo, Pliny, Arrian, Diodorus Siculus, Quintus Curtius Rufus and Plutarch all wrote about Gangaridae.[8][9][10]
The etymology of the word Rarh is not clear however there are many authors suggesting that it originates from a local language of Austroasiatic family. It could have originated from any of the following words of the Santali language; lar means "thread", rarh means "tune" and larh means "snake". And according to Sarkar, the word originates from Proto-Austroasiatic *Rāŗhā or *Rāŗho which means "land of red soil" or "land of laterite".[11]
The etymology of the word Gangaridae is also not clear. According to the historian Dr. Atul Sur, Pliny and Ptolemy it means Ganga-Ridai (Rarh of the Ganges – Ganges' Rarh). However according to other scholars it might derive as Ganga-Hrd (land with Ganges in its heart), Ganga-Rashtra (State of the Ganges) or Gonda-Ridai (Land of the Gonds). Megasthenes call the people of Gangaridae as Gangarides. Diodorus Siculus describes Gangaridae as "a nation possessing the greatest number of elephants and the largest in size."[12]
History
6th century BC, Ladha is mentioned in the oldest Jain book of codes Acaranga Sutra.[13]
6th century BC, Lala is mentioned by Dipavangsha and Mahavangsha.[14] Sri Lanka was colonised by Prince Vijaya who hailed from Simhapura in Lala or Rarh region.
4th century BC, Gangaridai is mentioned by Megasthenes.[15]
3. Ganges: The Mandei (Munda/Manda), and the Malli (Malli), the Gangarides (Ghangas+Rad), the Calingae (Kalinga), the Prasii (Magadha), the Modogalingae - The tribes called Calingae (Kalinga) are nearest the sea, and higher up are the Mandei (Munda/Manda), and the Malli in whose, country is Mount Mallus, the boundary of all that district being the Ganges. [16]
Note - It is interesting to note that the clans observed by Megasthenes in this region are most of Jat clans as highlighted in brackets which are our conclusions.
1st century BC, Gangaridae is mentioned by Diodorus Siculus:
"When he (Alexander) moved forward with his forces certain men came to inform him that Porus, the king of the country, who was the nephew of that Porus whom he had defeated, had left his kingdom and fled to the nation of Gandaridae..."[17]
Note - Porus is considered to be a Jat King. He did not come alone to this region. He had fled to this region along with his other Jat clans people.
1st century AD, Gangaridae is mentioned by Quintus Curtius Rufus.
"Next came the Ganges, the largest river in all India, the farther bank of which was inhabited by two nations, the Gangaridae and the Prasii, whose King Aggrammes ..."
1st century AD, Gandaritai is mentioned by Plutarch:
"The Battle with Porus depressed the spirits of the Macedonians, and made them very unwilling to advance farther into India... This river (the Ganges), they heard, had a breadth of two and thirty stadia, and a depth of 1000 fathoms, while its farther banks were covered all over with armed men, horses and elephants. For the kings of the Gandaritai and the Prasiai were reported to be waiting for him (Alexander) with an army of 80,000 horse, 200,000-foot, 8,000 war-chariots, and 6,000 fighting elephants."[18]
1st century AD, the people of Gangarides is mentioned by Pliny the Elder:
"In the final part of its Ganges course, which is through the country of the Gangarides.... But Prasii surpass in power and glory every other people, not only in this quarter, but one may say in all India, their capital Palibothra (Pataliputra), a very large and wealthy city, after which some call the people itself the Palibothri, (He talks about Prasii during the reign of Chandragupta Maurya)... In the parts which lie southward from the Ganges the inhabitants, already swarthy, are deeply coloured by the sun, though not scorched black like the Ethiopians.[19]
Note - Chandragupta Maurya is also considered to be a Jat King by some historians.
3rd century, Gangaridai is mentioned by Dionysius Periegetes:
"Next come the wild tribes of the Peukalensians, beyond whom lie the seats of the Gangaridae, worshippers of Bacchus, ... the land here projects into the deep whirling ocean in steep precipices, over which the fowls of heaven in swift flight can hardly wing their way."[20]
From 9th till 16th century:[21]
A Jain monk of Rara is mentioned in an inscription from Mathura.
Radha's queen's imprisonment by Chandella is mentioned in the epigraphic records from Khajuraho.
Radha is mentioned as being the ancestral settlement of Senas; in the Naihati Copper plate inscription of Vallalasena.
Radha is mentioned as being a waterless, dry and woody region; in the Bhuvaneshvara inscription of Bhatta Bhavadeva.
The division of Lada into North and South is mentioned in the Tirumulai rock inscription of Rajendra Chola. (11th century)
The same division of Radha is also mentioned in the Gaonri Plates of Vakpati Munja (10th century), in Shridharacharya's Nyayakandali, in the Amareshvara Temple inscription of Mandhata (Nimar district in Madhya Pardesh), in Krsna Mishra's Prabodha-Chandrodaya and in Mukundarama's Chandimangal (16th century)
According to Acaranga Sutra Mahavira travelled in 'Ladha' in Vajjabhumi and Subbhabhumi at a time (5th century BC) when the country was lawless and the people were harsh at him. Alexander the great was supposed to have been discouraged to come to eastern India due to the power of the 'Gangaridae'.
The Bhubaneswar inscription of Bhavadeva Bhatta records that "Radha was a waterless, dry and woody region".
Rakhaldas Bandyopadhyay, the famous Bengali historian says: "During Chandragupta Maurya's rule Gangaridae was independent like the Andhra kingdom and Gangaridae was joined with Kalinga(ancient Orissa)."[22] It is interesting that the description of the armed forces of Gangaridae and Calingae during the reign of Chandragupta Maurya as given by Megasthenes are identical (both possessed army of 60,000-foot-soldiers, 1,000 horsemen and 700 elephants).
Dipavangsha and Mahavangsha state that Sri Lanka was colonised by Vijaya Simha who hailed from Simhapura in 'Lala' (Rarh) region.
James Legge [A Record of Buddhistic Kingdoms/Chapter 37,f.n. 4] writes about the travels of Fahian and writes that in 412 AD he reached the country of Singhala i.e "The Kingdom of Singhala," or Ceylon. Singhala was the name of a merchant adventurer from India, to whom the founding of the kingdom was ascribed. His father was named Singha, “the Lion,” which became the name of the country; — Singhala, or Sinhala Kingdom.
In this connection We find mention of a region called Rarh in the Sinhala history, which traditionally starts in 543 BCE with the arrival of Prince Vijaya or Singha, a semi-legendary prince who sailed with 700 followers on eight ships 860 nautical miles to Sri Lanka from the southwest coast of what is now the Rarh region that lies between the Chhota Nagpur Plateau on the West and the Ganges Delta on the East. He established the Kingdom of Tambapanni, near modern-day Mannar.
Last edited:
History of Rad or Rarh clan (Contd)
What we know of Rad clan ?
Dr Pema Ram writes that after the invasion of Alexander in 326 BC, the Jats of Sindh and Punjab migrated to Rajasthan. They built tanks, wells and Bawadis near their habitations. The tribes migrated were: Shivis, Yaudheyas, Malavas, Madras etc. The Shivi tribe which came from Ravi and Beas Rivers founded towns like Sheo, Sojat, Siwana, Shergarh, Shivganj etc. This area was adjoining to Sindh and mainly inhabited by Jats. The Jats of Gotra Rad and Kath came to Marwar. Kath came from Ravi River.[Rajasthan Ke Jaton Ka Itihas, p.14]
Bhim Singh Dahiya [Jats the Ancient Rulers (A clan study)/Harsha Vardhana : Linkage and Identity,pp.222-223] writes that The first war that these Jats had to fight with the rising power of Islam was in 654/655 A.D. only ten years after the visit of Hiuen-Tsang.
[p.223]: It was beaten back. Another war and defeat of the invaders is noted from Kholau-Sul-ul-Akbar. Obaidullah, Governor of Seistan, was ordered by his superior, Hejauge, ruler of Khorasan, to invade Kabul. The ruler of Kabul is named as Retpeil (Ratha Pal ?). The war was fought in 697 A.D. and Rath Pal, "artfully retiring, drew the Mohammedan army into the defiles, and blocking up the rear, cut off their retreat, and Obaidullah was compelled to purchase his liberation by the payment of seven hundred thousand dirhams". The repeated attacks of the Arabs were fought back; and when it became necessary to solicit help, they found that their traditional and nearest helper, viz., Iran, was already under the Arabs and therefore any help from these quarters was out of question. The only other source was Chinese and it is to the Chinese that the Jats sent repeated embassies up to the year 755 A.D. But no help came and they had to fight with their own resources. The Indian nation shall be indebted to these Jats for stopping the Arabs from entering Kabul from 654 to 870 A.D. In 870/71 A.D. the Arab General, Yaqubb-in-Laith overthrew this kingdom of Kabul by treachery.
Rads in Rajasthan
The Malani region was known as Radadhara (राड़धरा) in ancient times. Probably this region gets name after Rads.
Manana is considered to be the place of origin of Rad Gotra. From here they have spread throughout in Rajasthan. The ancestors of Rads of Kuchera, the famous Mirdhas, have migrated from Manana. Three ancestor brothers of Mirdhas developed differences with Jagirdar of the area and left it. One of the brothers was named Mana Rad moved from here and settled in Kuchera. He was very famous and it is believed that the Delhi emperor knew him personally. It is clear from the following verse in Rajasthani Language[Bhagirath Singh Nain: Jat Samaj, Agra, March 2010, p.21]:
मानो राड़ मनाणे वालो, जिणने जाणे दिल्ली वालो
Meaning - Mana Rad of Manana village is known to Delhi Rulers.
Conclusion
The invasion of Alexander in 326 BC forced Jat clans to the region known to Greeks as Gangaridae and Chines as Rarh region. As stated above historians are not clear about the etymology of Rarh region because they do not have knowledge about Jat clans.
I propose that the name to Rarh region was given by the Rad people.
A Nagavanshi King Rattha/Rāṭṭha (राट्ठ) may be their ancestor in this region.
I also propose that they came to Rajasthan and Sindh regions in about 540 AD due to the fall of Gupta empire which was considered to be of Dharan Jat clan.
This is the reason that we find mention of many Jat clans in eastern regions like Chhota Nagpur and Orissa.
References
1."Rarh". Encyclopædia Britannica.
2.Sarkar, Shrii Prabhat Ranjan (2004). Ráŕh – The Cradle of Civilization. Ananda Marga Publications. OCLC 277280070.
3. Chattopadhyaya, Rupendra K. "Radha". Banglapedia
4. Sarkar, Shrii Prabhat Ranjan (2004). Ráŕh – The Cradle of Civilization. Ananda Marga Publications. OCLC 277280070.
5. Chattopadhyaya, Rupendra K. "Radha". Banglapedia
6. Majumdar, Dr. R. C. (1960). The Classical Accounts of India. Calcutta. pp. 103–128; 170–172; 198; 234
7. McCrindle, John W. (1901). Ancient India As Described in Classical Literature. Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers. p. 201. ISBN 8170690838.
8. Sarkar, Shrii Prabhat Ranjan (2004). Ráŕh – The Cradle of Civilization. Ananda Marga Publications. OCLC 277280070.
9. Chattopadhyaya, Rupendra K. "Radha". Banglapedia.
10."The Historic State of Gangaridai".
11.Sarkar, Shrii Prabhat Ranjan (2004). Ráŕh – The Cradle of Civilization. Ananda Marga Publications. OCLC 277280070.
12. "The Historic State of Gangaridai".
13.Chattopadhyaya, Rupendra K. "Radha". Banglapedia.
14. Chattopadhyaya, Rupendra K. "Radha". Banglapedia.
15. McCrindle, John W. (1901). Ancient India As Described in Classical Literature. Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers. p. 201. ISBN 8170690838.
16. Jat clans as described by Megasthenes,S.N.3
13. Majumdar, Dr. R. C. (1960). The Classical Accounts of India. Calcutta. pp. 103–128; 170–172; 198; 234.
18. Majumdar, Dr. R. C. (1960). The Classical Accounts of India. Calcutta. pp. 103–128; 170–172; 198; 234.
19. Majumdar, Dr. R. C. (1960). The Classical Accounts of India. Calcutta. pp. 103–128; 170–172; 198; 234.
20. Majumdar, Dr. R. C. (1960). The Classical Accounts of India. Calcutta. pp. 103–128; 170–172; 198; 234.
21. Chattopadhyaya, Rupendra K. "Radha". Banglapedia.
"Bangalar Itihash" (History of Bengal) by Rakhaldas 22. Bandyopadhyay V-I, p. 23 cited in Gangaridai.
What we know of Rad clan ?
Dr Pema Ram writes that after the invasion of Alexander in 326 BC, the Jats of Sindh and Punjab migrated to Rajasthan. They built tanks, wells and Bawadis near their habitations. The tribes migrated were: Shivis, Yaudheyas, Malavas, Madras etc. The Shivi tribe which came from Ravi and Beas Rivers founded towns like Sheo, Sojat, Siwana, Shergarh, Shivganj etc. This area was adjoining to Sindh and mainly inhabited by Jats. The Jats of Gotra Rad and Kath came to Marwar. Kath came from Ravi River.[Rajasthan Ke Jaton Ka Itihas, p.14]
Bhim Singh Dahiya [Jats the Ancient Rulers (A clan study)/Harsha Vardhana : Linkage and Identity,pp.222-223] writes that The first war that these Jats had to fight with the rising power of Islam was in 654/655 A.D. only ten years after the visit of Hiuen-Tsang.
[p.223]: It was beaten back. Another war and defeat of the invaders is noted from Kholau-Sul-ul-Akbar. Obaidullah, Governor of Seistan, was ordered by his superior, Hejauge, ruler of Khorasan, to invade Kabul. The ruler of Kabul is named as Retpeil (Ratha Pal ?). The war was fought in 697 A.D. and Rath Pal, "artfully retiring, drew the Mohammedan army into the defiles, and blocking up the rear, cut off their retreat, and Obaidullah was compelled to purchase his liberation by the payment of seven hundred thousand dirhams". The repeated attacks of the Arabs were fought back; and when it became necessary to solicit help, they found that their traditional and nearest helper, viz., Iran, was already under the Arabs and therefore any help from these quarters was out of question. The only other source was Chinese and it is to the Chinese that the Jats sent repeated embassies up to the year 755 A.D. But no help came and they had to fight with their own resources. The Indian nation shall be indebted to these Jats for stopping the Arabs from entering Kabul from 654 to 870 A.D. In 870/71 A.D. the Arab General, Yaqubb-in-Laith overthrew this kingdom of Kabul by treachery.
Rads in Rajasthan
The Malani region was known as Radadhara (राड़धरा) in ancient times. Probably this region gets name after Rads.
Manana is considered to be the place of origin of Rad Gotra. From here they have spread throughout in Rajasthan. The ancestors of Rads of Kuchera, the famous Mirdhas, have migrated from Manana. Three ancestor brothers of Mirdhas developed differences with Jagirdar of the area and left it. One of the brothers was named Mana Rad moved from here and settled in Kuchera. He was very famous and it is believed that the Delhi emperor knew him personally. It is clear from the following verse in Rajasthani Language[Bhagirath Singh Nain: Jat Samaj, Agra, March 2010, p.21]:
मानो राड़ मनाणे वालो, जिणने जाणे दिल्ली वालो
Meaning - Mana Rad of Manana village is known to Delhi Rulers.
Conclusion
The invasion of Alexander in 326 BC forced Jat clans to the region known to Greeks as Gangaridae and Chines as Rarh region. As stated above historians are not clear about the etymology of Rarh region because they do not have knowledge about Jat clans.
I propose that the name to Rarh region was given by the Rad people.
A Nagavanshi King Rattha/Rāṭṭha (राट्ठ) may be their ancestor in this region.
I also propose that they came to Rajasthan and Sindh regions in about 540 AD due to the fall of Gupta empire which was considered to be of Dharan Jat clan.
This is the reason that we find mention of many Jat clans in eastern regions like Chhota Nagpur and Orissa.
References
1."Rarh". Encyclopædia Britannica.
2.Sarkar, Shrii Prabhat Ranjan (2004). Ráŕh – The Cradle of Civilization. Ananda Marga Publications. OCLC 277280070.
3. Chattopadhyaya, Rupendra K. "Radha". Banglapedia
4. Sarkar, Shrii Prabhat Ranjan (2004). Ráŕh – The Cradle of Civilization. Ananda Marga Publications. OCLC 277280070.
5. Chattopadhyaya, Rupendra K. "Radha". Banglapedia
6. Majumdar, Dr. R. C. (1960). The Classical Accounts of India. Calcutta. pp. 103–128; 170–172; 198; 234
7. McCrindle, John W. (1901). Ancient India As Described in Classical Literature. Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers. p. 201. ISBN 8170690838.
8. Sarkar, Shrii Prabhat Ranjan (2004). Ráŕh – The Cradle of Civilization. Ananda Marga Publications. OCLC 277280070.
9. Chattopadhyaya, Rupendra K. "Radha". Banglapedia.
10."The Historic State of Gangaridai".
11.Sarkar, Shrii Prabhat Ranjan (2004). Ráŕh – The Cradle of Civilization. Ananda Marga Publications. OCLC 277280070.
12. "The Historic State of Gangaridai".
13.Chattopadhyaya, Rupendra K. "Radha". Banglapedia.
14. Chattopadhyaya, Rupendra K. "Radha". Banglapedia.
15. McCrindle, John W. (1901). Ancient India As Described in Classical Literature. Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers. p. 201. ISBN 8170690838.
16. Jat clans as described by Megasthenes,S.N.3
13. Majumdar, Dr. R. C. (1960). The Classical Accounts of India. Calcutta. pp. 103–128; 170–172; 198; 234.
18. Majumdar, Dr. R. C. (1960). The Classical Accounts of India. Calcutta. pp. 103–128; 170–172; 198; 234.
19. Majumdar, Dr. R. C. (1960). The Classical Accounts of India. Calcutta. pp. 103–128; 170–172; 198; 234.
20. Majumdar, Dr. R. C. (1960). The Classical Accounts of India. Calcutta. pp. 103–128; 170–172; 198; 234.
21. Chattopadhyaya, Rupendra K. "Radha". Banglapedia.
"Bangalar Itihash" (History of Bengal) by Rakhaldas 22. Bandyopadhyay V-I, p. 23 cited in Gangaridai.
Last edited:
How Jats moved to Rarh region ?
ठाकुर देशराज[जाट इतिहास:पृ.709-710] के अनुसार मालवा का सिंहवर्मा समुद्रगुप्त का समकालीन था। समुद्रगुप्त गुप्त-वंश का परम प्रतापी राजा हुआ है जिसका कि शासन ईसवी सन् 335 से 385 तक बताया जाता है। सिंहवर्मा के दो पुत्र चन्द्रवर्मा और नरवर्मा हुए। चन्द्रवर्मा ने मालवा से हटकर पुष्करन (मारवाड़?) में राज्य स्थापित किया और नरवर्मा मालव-राज बने रहे। नरवर्मा के पुत्र हुए, बंधुवर्मा और भीमवर्मा। गुप्तों का प्रभाव बढ़ गया था इसलिए बंधुवर्मा को उज्जैन के गुप्त राजाओं की अधीनता स्वीकार करनी पड़ी। भीमवर्मा ने कुमारगुप्त प्रथम के पुत्र स्कंदगुप्त विक्रमादित्य के यहां सामन्त के स्थान पर रहना स्वीकार कर लिया और वह सम्भवतः कौशाम्बी का सामन्त बनाया गया। स्कन्दगुप्त का समय ईसवी सन् 455 से 467 तक का है।
गुप्त-वंश के स्कंधगुप्त विक्रमादित्य के चालीस वर्ष पश्चात् उज्जैन की राजगद्दी पर भानुगुप्त बालादित्य बैठता है। जाट नरेश यशोधर्मा के साथ हूणों को हराने में इसी बालदित्य का नाम आता है। यदि बंधुवर्मा के बाद विष्णुवर्द्धन का नाम जोड़ दें तो यह वंश-सूची इस प्रकार बन जाती है -
सिंहवर्मा,
इनके दो हुए - चन्द्रवर्मा और नरवर्मा।
नरवर्मा का एक पुत्र था - विश्ववर्मा।
इसके दो पुत्र हुए - रघुवर्मा और भीमवर्मा।
रघुवर्मा का पुत्र विष्णुवर्द्धन था और इनका यशोधर्मा,
यशोधर्मा का शीलादित्य हुआ।
नोट - ठाकुर देशराज ने ऊपर मालवा के जाट राजाओं का इतिहास दिया है। लिखा है कि चन्द्रवर्मा पुष्करन (मारवाड़?) चले गए और आगे उनको विस्मृत कर दिया गया है। हमने पिछले थ्रेड में दिये गए राढ़ क्षेत्र के विवरण के परिपेक्ष में खोज को आगे बढ़ाया तो पाते हैं कि चन्द्रवर्मा राजस्थान के पुष्कर (मारवाड़) न जाकर पुष्करन (बांकुरा जिला) पश्चिम बंगाल गए थे। यह राढ़ क्षेत्र का भाग है। ठाकुर देशराज के ऑनलाइन इतिहास में इस प्रकार सुधारकर नोट अंकित किया गया है। यह तथ्य जाट राजाओं के राढ़ क्षेत्र में जाने की पुष्टि करता है।
ठाकुर देशराज[जाट इतिहास:पृ.709-710] के अनुसार मालवा का सिंहवर्मा समुद्रगुप्त का समकालीन था। समुद्रगुप्त गुप्त-वंश का परम प्रतापी राजा हुआ है जिसका कि शासन ईसवी सन् 335 से 385 तक बताया जाता है। सिंहवर्मा के दो पुत्र चन्द्रवर्मा और नरवर्मा हुए। चन्द्रवर्मा ने मालवा से हटकर पुष्करन (मारवाड़?) में राज्य स्थापित किया और नरवर्मा मालव-राज बने रहे। नरवर्मा के पुत्र हुए, बंधुवर्मा और भीमवर्मा। गुप्तों का प्रभाव बढ़ गया था इसलिए बंधुवर्मा को उज्जैन के गुप्त राजाओं की अधीनता स्वीकार करनी पड़ी। भीमवर्मा ने कुमारगुप्त प्रथम के पुत्र स्कंदगुप्त विक्रमादित्य के यहां सामन्त के स्थान पर रहना स्वीकार कर लिया और वह सम्भवतः कौशाम्बी का सामन्त बनाया गया। स्कन्दगुप्त का समय ईसवी सन् 455 से 467 तक का है।
गुप्त-वंश के स्कंधगुप्त विक्रमादित्य के चालीस वर्ष पश्चात् उज्जैन की राजगद्दी पर भानुगुप्त बालादित्य बैठता है। जाट नरेश यशोधर्मा के साथ हूणों को हराने में इसी बालदित्य का नाम आता है। यदि बंधुवर्मा के बाद विष्णुवर्द्धन का नाम जोड़ दें तो यह वंश-सूची इस प्रकार बन जाती है -
सिंहवर्मा,
इनके दो हुए - चन्द्रवर्मा और नरवर्मा।
नरवर्मा का एक पुत्र था - विश्ववर्मा।
इसके दो पुत्र हुए - रघुवर्मा और भीमवर्मा।
रघुवर्मा का पुत्र विष्णुवर्द्धन था और इनका यशोधर्मा,
यशोधर्मा का शीलादित्य हुआ।
नोट - ठाकुर देशराज ने ऊपर मालवा के जाट राजाओं का इतिहास दिया है। लिखा है कि चन्द्रवर्मा पुष्करन (मारवाड़?) चले गए और आगे उनको विस्मृत कर दिया गया है। हमने पिछले थ्रेड में दिये गए राढ़ क्षेत्र के विवरण के परिपेक्ष में खोज को आगे बढ़ाया तो पाते हैं कि चन्द्रवर्मा राजस्थान के पुष्कर (मारवाड़) न जाकर पुष्करन (बांकुरा जिला) पश्चिम बंगाल गए थे। यह राढ़ क्षेत्र का भाग है। ठाकुर देशराज के ऑनलाइन इतिहास में इस प्रकार सुधारकर नोट अंकित किया गया है। यह तथ्य जाट राजाओं के राढ़ क्षेत्र में जाने की पुष्टि करता है।