Ghangas/Gangas
I had written on this some time go. see: -
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/JatHistory/message/3295
The Ghangas
At the turn of the first millennium circa 0 BCE, we find a movement of
Jats from the Afghanistan central Asian area into the Indian
subcontinent. they were known to Indian historians by various names,
as Kushans in the North ,and as Saka in the Sind area.
They established various Janpadhs or republics, and also threw up a
number of rulers, people like Kaniska for the Kushans, and Rudraraman
etc for the Sakas.
Their territory spread from Central Asia, to the Bay of Bengal and
Orissa, and central and Southern India
We find many movements of Jat clans both southwards and back
northwards- Chalukya (Solankis), Rathi Dahiya, Kuntal, Dasarna, and
Virk etc
This is an account of the Ghangas, Gangas clan.
The Ghangas are also written as the Gangas.
In later times some historians took note of the empires established by
a clan, which was known as the Ghangas or Gangas, and as the Eastern
and Western Ghangas. The clan name is the same as the Gang (a),
Ghangas, of Haryana, U.P.
Professor Harihar Quanago made an exploration of the Gangas clan
origins etc, and though his account is steeped in much speculation and
Puranic lore, it does contain some interesting facts, which he has not
been able to connect. Beyond a vague statement that they came from
North India, from the Ganga –Yamuna basins.
We find two major dynasties in South India, over the period, known as
the Eastern Gangas and the Western Gangas.
The empires spread from Karnatak, to Orissa, to Andhra Pradesh.
The Southern Gangas histories state that they came south from North
India. About 500 CE, led by leader Vishnugupta.
They were originally from the land between the Ganga and the Jumna
/Yamuna rivers. They are linked to Ahichtra and Ayodhyapur in the
Ganga/Jumna basin.
All this area is Jat territory.
We also find a Jat Goth ` Gangas" in Modern Haryana, Punjab and
Western U.P.
Who were these Gangas?
In his article, Dr. Harihar Quanago tells us,
That the Gangas came from North India in 5th century CE, and settled
in Karnatak and Kalinga (modern Orissa,) and then ventured further south.
He tells us "In the Andhavaram copperplate inscription of Indravarman
III of Ganga dynasty, the Gangas are described as the descendants of
the `Tumbura' dynasty
So far (per Dr Quanago, but not quite true) no historian has been able
to identify this Tumbura as a dynasty.
It is mentioned in the Vayu Purana that at the foot hills of the
Vindhyas, there was a Janapada (human habitation) named Tumura, Tumbura:
"Toshalah Koshalaschaiva Taipura Vaidisastratha
Tumurastamburaschaiva sat Suranishadhaih saha
Anupastundikerascha Vitihotrahyabantayah
Ete Janapadah sarve Vindhya prustha nivasinah."
[Vayu Purana, 1st Part, 45 chapters, Bharatvarsha Varnana.]
The translation of these lines is given below. The Janapadas such as
Tosali,
Kosala, Tripura, Vidisha, Tumura, Tumhura, Nishadha, Anupa,
Sundhikera, Vitihotra
and Abanti are at the foot of the Vindhyas. This implies that all
these Janapadas are to
the north of the Vindhyas.
"Tumura Tumbura adi Janapada jete
Vindhyagiri antarbhukta emane Samaste."7
These two lines can be translated as follows. The Janapadas like
Tumura, Tumbura
etc. are all situated at the foot of the Vindhyas"
. Bachan Dubey, a researcher, while identifying the Tumbura race, has
aptly stated, while dealing with the Janapadas of Vindhya Pristha of
puranic period, mentions Malaya, Karusa (Baghel Khand), Mekala
(Amarkantak), Utkal, Dasarma (Dhasan), Kiskindha (it is different from
Kiskindha of South India), Tosali (Sisupalagarh in Orissa), Kosala
(Dakshina Kosala, Raipur Bilaspur), Tripuri (Tripuri near Jabalpur),
Vaidisa (Bhelsa), Naisadha (Narvargarh), Tundikara (Sindikar in
Matsya), Vitihotra, Anupa (Omkar Mandhatri along the Narmada) and
Tumbara (Tumain-Tumburu, Masya)".
What this does tell us , and this is confirmed by general history,-
is the expansion of Jats into central and South India, more commonly
known to Historians as the expansion of the
"Kushan' and the' Dharan Gupta' empires.
In the term `
Tumura- we easily recognize the `
Tumar or Tomar'. Clan of Jats. Utkal, Dasarna, Malaya (Mal, Malli) Kisking, Vaidisa, Matsya, Kara are also all Jat goths or clan names.
He writes:
." This means the Kaivarttas had first settled on the bank of river
Saraju (Sarayu) or river Gogri in Oudh or Ayodhya. There is a
tradition to the effect that their Ancestors had settled in Midnapur district in 822 Saka eras crossing the plateau of Madhya Pradesh. The five leaders who led them to this region had established five separate kingdoms namely, (1) Tamralipta or Tamluk, (2) Balisita or Mainagarh, (3) Turkee, (4) Sujamutha, (5) Kutabpur."
Here we see the movement continues in the year 822 Saka, or circa 746
CE. We find a name Turkee, or Turka, which is another variant of the
Jat Goth Tur or Toor, of which again Tomar, Tumar is a variant.
The Gangas link to the Tomar clan of Jats is also quite interesting.
For brief note about the Gangas of Southern India from Wikipedia,
which will need review and amendment see;
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gangas
Ravi Chaudhary
For Harihar's Quanango's article see
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/JatHistory/message/3296
Re: Ghangas( Gangas) Jats of North and South India
THE ORIGIN OF GANGA DYNASTY
· A NEW INSIGHT